我们提供一站式服务为您申请Astro和Broadband。不必开车，排队和在销售柜台等候。 我们可以帮助您处理您的申请。

我们不收取额外费用。 无需提供信用卡信息。 费用与您在销售柜台申请的费用相同。

首先，您可以在线申请，我们将在工作时间内立即与您联系。 通过WhatsApp/电子邮件/传真发送您的身份证-IC（马来西亚公民）/ 护照（外国人）的复印件给我们。 收到所有资料后，我们将立即处理您的申请。

一旦收到您的完整资料，我们将在工作时间内立即处理您的申请。一旦您的申请获得批准，服务提供商的承包商将与您联系以进行安装预约。

ASTRO 和宽频收费同时在一张账单，享受更大的节省和无忧的账单支付。 在24个月的合约期内，您可以每月以折扣价享受 Astro 和宽频。

Astro 提供多种电视配套，包括娱乐、体育、电影和儿童配套。您可以选择符合您观看需求的配套，并在适用情况下添加额外的串流应用服务。

可以，您可以只订阅 Astro 电视配套而无需绑定宽频。不过，将 Astro 电视与光纤宽频绑定可享有更好的每月优惠，并且只需支付一张综合账单，更加方便。

对于小型家庭以及轻度上网和串流使用者，100Mbps 通常已足够。较大家庭、游戏玩家或重度串流用户则可选择 500Mbps 或 1Gbps 配套，以获得更流畅的多设备使用体验。

大多数 Astro 电视和光纤宽频配套都附带 24 个月合约期。如在合约期满前取消服务，可能会产生提前终止费用。

可以，您可在符合资格及覆盖范围的情况下随时升级电视配套或宽频速度。根据升级情况，可能需要重新计算合约期限。

您的每月账单将由 Astro 直接发出。您可通过电子邮件接收账单，或通过 Astro 账户在线查看。绑定配套用户将收到电视与宽频服务的综合账单。

付款方式包括网上银行、自动扣款、信用卡或 Astro 提供的其他认可付款渠道。我们的团队将在申请过程中为您提供协助。

如果您遇到任何服务中断问题，可联系 Astro 客户服务寻求技术协助。大多数情况下可远程解决，如有需要将安排技术人员上门处理。

可以，迁移服务需视新地址是否在服务覆盖范围内而定。根据您的配套，可能会产生迁移费用及合约调整。

不需要，提交申请时无需提供信用卡资料。服务获批后，付款安排将由 Astro 直接处理。

部分 Astro 电视配套可根据当前促销及服务情况添加串流服务等附加项目。可能需支付额外月费。

是的，光纤安装时通常会提供 WiFi 路由器。路由器型号可能会根据所选宽频速度配套而有所不同。

可以，我们会在处理您的申请前确认您地址的服务覆盖范围，以确保该地区可安装宽频服务。

马来西亚公民需提供 MyKad 复印件。外籍人士则需在提交宽频申请时提供护照复印件。

申请获批后，服务提供商通常会在 2 至 7 个工作日内联系您安排宽频安装预约。

大多数 Astro 宽频配套附带 24 个月合约期，从安装日期开始计算。如您搬迁，可能需要在新地址重新签订 24 个月合约。

可以，您可在新地址具备服务覆盖的情况下迁移宽频服务。合约期限可能会从新安装日期起重新计算 24 个月。

可以，您可申请在家中调整宽频设备位置。若属于非标准安装，可能会产生额外费用，并需在评估后直接支付给安装人员。

可以，您可转用 Astro 宽频。为避免服务中断，建议在终止现有宽频合约前先开通新的宽频服务。

标准安装在促销期间可能免费，但非标准安装（如设备迁移或复杂布线）可能会产生额外费用，并需直接支付给安装人员。

Having trouble with  your phone line ?

You may proceed to contact dedicated service provider directly - 1 800 8211 23

The RM15 monthly rebate (before Govt. Tax) will be applicable to all on-going Multiroom Smart TV subscriptions until further notice. However, in the event of rebate expiry, Astro will notify impacted customers in advance via email or SMS. To update your contact details, please reach out via a feedback form here.

Visit our page to find out about our new packs.

We are always updating the Multiroom (Smart TV) app to ensure our customers get to enjoy the best entertainment experience. We will keep you posted if you are able to enjoy more 4K UHD channels in the future!

Refund can only be made by the registered Astro account holders.

However, if you would like to request refunds on behalf of the account holder, you may do so by providing the supporting documents (e.g.: authorization  letter, death certificate, 3rd party NRIC copy).

1. Please connect your computer or laptop to your Astro Fibre router using LAN cable. Your LAN cable must be connected from the yellow port of Astro Fibre router (Any available port).

2. Once connected, open any web browser such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and etc.

3. On the address bar, type http://192.168.100.254 and below page will appear.

Login using your username and password if you have changed the router login setting. Otherwise, your default router login is as per below.

Username: user

Password: user

4. Once you have successfully logged in, the router's web-based setup page will appear.

5. At the top of the page, click More to configure the WiFi parameters.

6. From the left menu, select WLAN and choose Wi-FI Advanced Network to access the screen below.

7. To change the channel on 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz, click the drop-down arrow for Channel, then select your desired channel.

8. Then, click "Apply" for the changes to take  place.

 

No, there is no penalty or switching fee if you decide to cancel your Multiroom (Smart TV) subscription.

No, the eKYC verification process must be done by the individual themselves, using their MyKad and selfie in real-time.

You may use the same feedback form and choose below options.

Category: I would like to request for refund

Sub Category: Request for Refund

Liga Malaysia is available for all customers with a HD enabled box including Zapper, DMT5, Ulti Box and Ultra Box.

 

To check your contract, please visit My Astro.

Please be informed that your service will be suspended if there is no payment after 31 days from your bill cycle date. After 62 days of non-payment, your service will be terminated, and an early cancellation fee will be applied if you are still within the 24-month contract.

Tap on the "Content' tab on the navigation bar. Select "Channels' and the channel of interest and you may view the scheduled programmes of the day. To switch between days, choose a channel and tap on a particular day (E.g. Mon, Tues, Wed). You may also view the showtimes of the day and up to the next six days.

You may visit any of Astro's digital platform that you would like to log into. Then, create a new Astro ID using your existing email address or mobile number. After creating your new Astro ID, please use it to log into our digital platforms moving forward.

For all new Astro Fibre customers with the RG21 router, the Astro Fibre App will be installed on your mobile device for you during installation. Alternatively,you may refer to the user guide here for self-installation.

STEP 1
On your remote, press the Home button and the home menu will be displayed on your screen.



STEP 2
Navigate to Profile.



STEP 3
The Profile Selection Screen will be displayed.



STEP 4
Navigate to Edit Profile.



STEP 5
Choose a profile to edit.



STEP 6
Navigate to Name.



STEP 7
Enter your new Profile Name, navigate to DONE and press "OK".



STEP 8
Your new profile name will be shown in the Profile Selection Screen.


 

Netflix is a streaming entertainment service that offers a wide variety of award-winning TV programmes, films, anime, documentaries and more - on thousands of internet-connected devices. There's always something new to discover, and more TV shows and movies are added every month. The more you watch, the better Netflix gets at recommending TV shows and movies you'll love.

Astro customers with an internet-connected Ultra Box or Ulti Box can access the Netflix app and watch Netflix content via their Astro Box. For more information about Netflix, visit the Netflix website.

No, you are not allowed to change your due date or maintain your old due date. Your current due date is as per Astro Policy. Therefore, to ensure that you continue to enjoy uninterrupted services, we advise you to observe this change in due date from Day 30 to Day 25 and proceed with the necessary payment.

STEP 1

Switch off the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2

Locate the SIM card at the left side and gently pull it out.

STEP 3

Wipe the SIM card's gold chip clean using a dry soft cloth.

STEP 4

Make sure the gold chip is facing down and reinsert it all the way in.

STEP 5

Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on.

Please wait for 5 minutes.

STEP 6

Turn on your Ultra Box. You should no longer be experiencing this problem.

If issue persist, please submit the issue on our Feedback Form with the error details and provide sim card number for assistance.

Starting 12 December 2023, users have to use their registered email address, mobile number or a social account (Facebook, Google or Apple) to log into any of Astro's digital platforms, including My Astro, Astro GO and Astro's official website. Usernames as an Astro ID is no longer available. This change was made to ensure details linked to your Astro account are always updated and to improve the overall user experience on our platforms.

Please contact Astro Customer Call Center via 03-95433838

Although anyone can create an Astro ID, only the Astro account owner is allowed to link their account to the Astro ID. Otherwise, you will need permission from the account's owner in order to complete the linking.

You may still be using an older version of the Astro GO. To resolve this issue, please go to your respective app store and update your Astro GO app.

If you are still having issues, proceed to submit report via WhatsApp or Feedback Form.
 

Refund fee is subject to your processing bank. However, Astro did not impose refund processing fee.

Upon submitting your application, you will receive the eKYC link via SMS/email/astro.com.my to complete the eKYC verification within 3 days.

At this point in time, the Disney+ Hotstar app on the Ultra or Ulti Box does not support Dolby audio. We are working to enable this in a future update. 

Please fill up the forms below for processing your request:
Transfer of Equiment Ownership Form

STEP 1    

On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2    

Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3  

Navigate to Satellite Settings and press "OK".

STEP 4  

Select Diagnostics and press "OK".

STEP 5    

Signal reading on Tuner 1 will be displayed. Navigate to right arrow for next step.

STEP 6  

Signal reading on Tuner 2 will be displayed. Navigate to "Done" and press "OK" to complete the diagnostics.

The promotion period of Astro Fibre’s Speed Upgrade Campaign is from 24 November 2023 until 31 May 2024.

Step 1: Download the My Astro app from either the App Store, Google Play or HUAWEI AppGallery.

Step 2: Sign in with your Astro ID.

Step 3: Select "Rewards" on the home screen to get started.

Watch this tutorial to learn how to create your Astro ID.

You may proceed with the following troubleshooting steps and it shouldn’t take you much longer than 15 minutes.        

‍

1. Please standby a computer/laptop to access to the internet and connection must be via LAN cable (connect the LAN cable to the Black port at D-Link Router and direct to the computer/laptop).

2. You may open any web browser such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and etc.    

3. On the address bar, please go to http://dlinkrouter.local./ and below page will appear. (These are the defaults and if you have done a configuration on your router previously, the password may be different).          

Username: admin          

Password: (Leave the field blank)

4. Once you have successfully login, the router's web-based setup page will appear. Please follow below steps for the configuration.

5. From the top menu, click Settings and then choose Wireless.

6. Below screen will appear to configure the wireless setting. Since this is a dual band router, you will have 2 Wi-Fi Names (SSID) i.e. 2.4GHz and 5GHz.

You may connect to any of the SSID, preferably with a stronger signal available.

7. You may change the Wi-Fi Name (SSID) and the Password to follow your preferences, and then click "Save" for the changes to take  place.

Please reconnect to the new wireless name with the new password once completed.

You will need to bring along all devices to your new place as no new devices will be issued.

Relocation will be subjected to new 24 months recontract and standard relocation fee applies for both Maxis and Allo respectively.

 

WiFi router and fibre modem will be replaced upon checking and verification by Astro's Contact Centre /installer. It will be replaced without additional charge regardless contract tenure.

STEP 1

Switch off the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2

Locate the SIM card at the left side and gently pull it out.

STEP 3

Wipe the SIM card's gold chip clean using a dry soft cloth.

STEP 4

Make sure the gold chip is facing down and reinsert it all the way in.

STEP 5

Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on.

Please wait for 5 minutes.

STEP 6

Turn on your Ultra Box. You should no longer be experiencing this problem.

If issue persist, please submit the issue in our Feedback Form with the error details and provide sim card number for assistance.

What is the "iQIYI Video - Dramas & Movies" App?
The iQIYI App is an on-demand video streaming service provided by iQIYI that was first launched in June 2019 in more than 191 countries providing the best Asian dramas to viewers across the world. iQIYI allows subscribers to watch all their favourite Asian entertainment including dramas, variety shows, movies and anime, with subtitles in multiple languages and equipped with Dolby Atmos for the most immersive experience at their fingertips.

Where can I access the iQIYI App?
Starting 20 December 2022, Astro customers will be able to enjoy the iQIYI app as an add-to-bill service for an exclusive price via Astro and enjoy the app on their Ultra/Ulti Box, mobile app and website.

How do I access the iQIYI App on the Ultra/Ulti Box?
After completing the subscription process, you will be able to access the iQIYI App on the Ultra/Ulti Box by following the steps below:

On your Ultra/Ulti Box
Step 1: At the Home menu, go to the App Rail and select "iQIYI"
Step 2: Click "OK" on your Astro remote
Step 3: While on the iQIYI App Home Page, navigate to "VIP account" located at the top left pane and click "Login". A page with a QR Code will be presented on your TV screen
Step 4: Scan the QR code using your mobile device and you will be directed to the iQIYI mobile app
Step 5: Follow the steps under "On Mobile App" below to pair your iQIYI account with your Ultra/Ulti Box

On the iQIYI Mobile App
Step 1: Download the iQIYI App on your mobile device
Step 2: At the login page, select "Continue with Astro"
Step 3: Log in with your Astro ID
Step 4: Click on the "Me" icon located at the bottom of the screen, and you will be presented with your iQIYI profile page
Step 5: Click on the in-app QR code scanner located at the top right corner of the screen
Step 6: Scan the QR Code displayed on your TV screen with the in-app QR code scanner. Refer to Step 3 under "On your Ultra/Ulti Box" above
Step 7: The screen on your TV will reload automatically and the iQIYI App home screen will be displayed. Now, you can enjoy the iQIYI App on your Ultra/Ulti Box!

Can I access the "iQIYI Video - Dramas & Movies' App outside of Malaysia?
Yes, the iQIYI app is accessible globally. However, the content of the app might differ depending on the country which will be tailored based on local content rights and market preferences.

Can I download the content on the iQIYI App for offline viewing?
Yes, you can download selected content on the iQIYI app for offline viewing at a later time. To find the titles you have downloaded, you may go to Profile > My Downloads.

What is the storage requirement for content downloading?
The storage requirement is dependent on the type of videos users are downloading as the space needed varies between titles.

Are there any subtitles or dubbing available for the content on the iQIYI app?
The iQIYI app offers subtitles in multiple languages for all their content excluding some variety shows. However, no dubbing option is available yet. You will be able to select or switch off your subtitles when you play your video in full screen.

Can I change the interface language of the iQIYI app?
Yes, you may change the interface language of the app. To access the language settings, please click "Profile" > "Settings" > "Language" and select your preferred language.

If you have any further questions regarding the app, please go to "Profile" > "Help and Feedback". Thank you for your support.


iQIYI VIP Subscriptions

What is a VIP subscription?
As a VIP (Standard VIP or Premium VIP), you will be entitled to enjoy the benefits of the VIP subscription, including:

• Access to exclusive content only on iQIYI

• Early access to selected content episodes

• Where available, access to high definition (up to 1080P viewing quality) and surroundsound (Dolby Audio) versions of the Content

• The ability to skip advertisements

• Up to 2 concurrent viewing

Additionally, as a Premium VIP, besides the benefits mentioned above, you will also be entitled to the following benefits:

• Advance previewing of selected content episodes labelled as "locked"

• Where available, access to high definition (up to 4K viewing quality)

• Up to 4 concurrent viewing of VIP content, compared to only 2 concurrent viewing enjoyed by Standard VIP members

If you have more questions about these VIP privileges, please let us know by following these steps: "Profiles" > "Feedback". More privileges are in development for VIPs. Please stay tuned and join IQIYI as a VIP to enjoy these benefits.

How can I become an iQIYI VIP?

You may join iQIYI as a VIP by following these simple steps:

Step 1: Head over to www.astro.com.my/iqiyi
Step 2: Select your desired package (Standard VIP or Premium VIP)
Step 3: Click "Get it now"
Step 4: Log in using your Astro ID
Step 5: Click "Get it now" again
Step 6: Please read the prompted message, then click "Proceed"
Step 7: You will see a confirmation message upon successful purchase

How much does it cost to join iQIYI as a VIP?
All new and existing Astro Pay-TV customers are entitled to Astro special price when they signup for iQIYI as a VIP member via Astro at www.astro.com.my/iqiyi.

How do I make payment for my iQIYI VIP subscription?
The monthly subscription fee for your iQIYI VIP subscription will be reflected in your Astro bill accordingly. For example, your Astro billing cycle is on the 20th of every month and you just signed up for the iQIYI Standard VIP subscription via Astro on 15October. Your iQIYI monthly charge will be reflected on your upcoming bill on 20th of October, and on the subsequent months' bills, as follows:

When can I start enjoying my VIP subscription?
You will be able to enjoy all the content on the iQIYI app immediately upon successful purchasefrom the Astro website. You may enjoy your VIP privileges from the iQIYI app on your Ultra Box, Ulti Box, mobile devices (Android & iOS), Apple TV, Android TV, as well as on Web (www.iq.com).Please ensure that the account used to log in to the app is the same one used to purchase your iQIYI VIP subscription.

I am an existing iQIYI VIP; will I get to enjoy Astro special price?
If you are an existing iQIYI VIP, you may cancel your existing VIP subscription with iQIYI and signup again via astro.com.my/iqiyi to enjoy the special price by adding your subscription to your Astro bill.

Where can I view my iQIYI entitlement expiry date/next payment details?
You can view your iQIYI entitlement & payment details in the app by follow these steps:

Step 1: Go to the Home Page
Step 2: Click on "VIP subscription"
Step 3: Click on "Manage VIP subscription" (Gear icon)

After following these steps, you will be able to view your entitlement expiry date, next payment date & payment method.

How do I cancel my iQIYI VIP subscription?
You may cancel your iQIYI subscription in the app by following these steps:
Step 1: Go to Home Page
Step 2: Click on "VIP subscription"
Step 3: Click on "Manage VIP subscription" (Gear icon)
Step 4: Click on "Cancel VIP subscription"

Will there be any penalty fees if I cancel my iQIYI VIP subscription?
There will be no penalty fee if you choose to cancel your iQIYI VIP subscription. Your cancellation will take effect upon your current entitlement expiry date. Kindly note that if you cancel your subscription within 24 hours before your entitlement expiry date as reflected in the iQIYI app (not according to Astro billing cycle), your subscription may be auto renewed.

 

App Issues

Who may I contact if I encounter any problems with the iQIYI app?
There are 4 ways for you to contact us for assistance:

1. Submit an in-app feedback form via the iQIYI app by following these simple steps:
   • Step 1: Click on your Profile
   • Step 2: Click on "Help & Feedback"
   • Step 3: Click on "Feedback" at the bottom of the page
   • Step 4: Fill in your email address. Please ensure it is accurate as you will be contacted via this email address.
   • Step 5: Briefly explain the problem/trouble/feedback
   • Step 6: Click "Submit"
2. Please contact the iQIYI customer service team via contactus@qiyi.com. You will receive a response within 3-5 working days.
3. Kindly include your iQIYI UID information when you submit your feedback via email by following these simple steps:
   • Step 1: Open the iQIYI app
   • Step 2: Tap on the "Me" button at the bottom right
   • Step 3: Tap on your username at the top left
   • Step 4: Scroll down to the "Personal Data" page and copy your "UID" number
4. If you are an Astro customer, you may also contact our Customer Service by:
   • Submitting a feedback form here: https://support.astro.com.my/feedback-form;
   • Reaching to us via WhatsApp by typing "Hi" at 03-95433838 for assistance.

Can I choose to opt-in/opt-out of receiving any marketing materials via email from iQIYI?
Yes, please open any marketing emails you have received from iQIYI and click on the unsubscribe link embedded in the email.

 

Astro Login

How do I register for an Astro ID?
Download the iQIYI app > Select "Profile" > Click on "Log in with Astro ID" > Click on "Do not have an Astro ID? Click here".

Can I update my email address/mobile number for my Astro ID?
Yes, please visit Astro's Self Service Portal via myastro.astro.com.my to update your email address or mobile number.

I have forgotten my password; what should I do now?
Step 1: Click "Log in" and click "Forgot my password"
Step 2: Enter your email address and click "Submit"
Step 3: An email will be sent to your registered email address with further instructions on how to reset your password

How do I unlock a locked user account?
You may contact Astro's Customer Service by:

1. Submitting a feedback form here: https://support.astro.com.my/feedback-form
2. Reaching out to us via WhatsApp by typing "Hi" at 03-95433838 for assistance.

Will my personal information be protected?
Yes, Astro is bounded by the PDPA act. All information received will be used in accordance with our Privacy Notice

Yes, all Astro customers with a Disney+ Hotstar subscription can access the app on the Ultra/Ulti Box. To access the app, please refer here. 

Yes. Astro customers will soon be able to enjoy seamless access to Netflix on their connected Ultra and Ulti Boxes. Look out for more details then! Register your interest via https://astro.com.my/Netflix

You will receive an email within 45 minutes of payment made to let you know whether your advance payment is successful or not. If your payment has failed, you may call Astro's Contact Centre at 03-9543 3838 or wait for an Astro representative to be in contact with you within 2 working days to assist you with your order.

The default PIN is 0000. You may change your PIN to a secure one by doing this at Settings, under your Preferences, select PIN Management, enter your old PIN or default PIN and proceed to create a new PIN.

You may switch to E-mail Billing or Paper bills to be notified of your bill and make payment. Kindly note that if you select to have Paper Bills, you will be charged a RM10 fee per bill.

We would need you to  run few tests in order for us to understand your issue and to assist you in fixing the problem.

You may proceed with the troubleshooting steps below which should not require any longer than 15 minutes.

1. Please run each of the tests according to your your Laptop/PC Software.
2. Compile the pictures / screenshots of your test results in one file (i.e Microsof Word document, PDF file) and attach them in the Support Ticket below in order for us to assist you further:
   • List of websites effected.
   • Run the Speed Test via LAN (cable) and Wi-Fi connection - Please click here for Speed Test guideline.
   • Run the Traceroute Test - Please click here for Traceroute Test guideline.          
   • Run the Ping Test - Please click here for Ping Test guideline.
3. Once you've gathered all the results, kindly send them all through the Feedback Form below.

Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access parameters, such as connection data rate.

A Ping Test shows how long it takes for packets to reach host.

A Traceroute Test traces the route of packets to destination host from our server.

The WiFi SSID and password of the Mesh unit will be automatically synchronized to the WiFi router. Hence, there is no need to configure the WiFi parameters.

*WiFi SSID (Service Set Identifier) is the name of your wireless network, also known as Network ID. It is viewable to anyone with a wireless device within reachable distance of your network.

To access these streaming apps, you would need to upgrade to the Ultra or Ulti Box by visiting product.astro.com.my/box. Alternatively, you may also reachus via WhatsApp by typing "Hi

To subscribe, WhatsApp "Smart TV' or call 03-9543 3838.

Astro customers on the previous packages (e.g. Family Pack, Starter Pack, Value Pack, Super Pack Lite, Super Pack or Super Pack Plus) will first have to sign up to our new packages on astro.com.my before they are able to sign up for Multiroom (Smart TV).

You can subscribe to Multiroom (Smart TV) here or via any of our sales channels.

Astro Fibre Bundle is a subscription service of broadband together with your desired Astro TV package, while Astro Fibre is a service that allows you to subscribe to Astro Fibre broadband only.

Starting 21 June 2022, all new digital sign-ups for TV packs on astro.com.my will now include access to the Astro GO app within an hour upon checkout of your first month subscription fees (excluding tax). Install the app on your smartphones, tablets or computers and you can start streaming even before your Astro box arrives!

Please close and re-launc hthe Astro Fibre app, and you will be able to log in.

You can subscribe to new packs via  

• Online - astro.com.my  
• WhatsApp GET ASTRO (for new customers) or SWITCH (for existing customers) to 03-9543 3838
• Astro Customer Service Centres.

Yes, an existing IPTV customer is eligible to switch to Astro Fibre. However, your IPTV services will be switched to a Plug & Play service, and your existing Astro PVR / B.yond Box will be upgraded to the Ultra/Ulti box. There is no additional charge for the Astro Ultra/Ulti upgrade. Please note that you will be re-contracted for 24 months upon installation.

 

1. Please ensure your modem and router power plugs are securely connected to the power socket.

2. Alternatively, try to connect the power plug to a different power socket or power source. This step is to eliminate the possibility of faulty power socket which could cause the issue.

3. If issue persists, submit your Feedback Form for further assistance.