
Astro 提供的免费卫星电视服务。终身收看娱乐,新闻,学习和资讯节目等。
图片仅供参考。
免费观看15多个电视频道和10+个广播频道。
* 需遵守Astro条款和条件。
步骤一 |
步骤二 |
步骤三 |
选择配套然后提交您的申请。 |
等待安装。 |
享受您的新 Astro / 宽频! |
探索我们的电视配套,其中包含各种娱乐频道。
为家庭中的每个人制作必看的本地和国际内容。
最好的本地和国际卡通片和教育娱乐片。
汇集全球电影和剧集,充满动作、剧情和震撼刺激。
在您探索世界秘密的同时,您还可以了解最新的突发新闻和时事。
见证每场主要联赛和现场体育赛事以及家庭娱乐活动。
集电影、体育和各种流媒体应用于一体的终极娱乐体验。
适合家居办公及串流。以 100Mbps 的速度连接并享受不间断的流媒体、游戏和浏览。
免费 数据机
免费 WiFi-6 路由器
无限数据
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack RM49.99 |
100Mbps Astro Fibre RM99.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + Kids RM59.98 |
100Mbps Astro Fibre RM99.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + Blockbuster RM59.98 |
100Mbps Astro Fibre RM99.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + News & Documentaries RM64.98 |
100Mbps Astro Fibre RM99.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Sports Pack RM99.99 |
100Mbps Astro Fibre RM99.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Epic Pack RM199.99 |
100Mbps Astro Fibre RM99.00 |
适合有4K串流及游戏需求的小型家庭。以 500Mbps 的速度连接并享受快速稳定的互联网,满足您的所有需求。
免费 数据机
免费 WiFi-6 路由器
无限数据
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack RM49.99 |
500Mbps Astro Fibre RM149.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + Kids RM59.98 |
500Mbps Astro Fibre RM149.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + Blockbuster RM59.98 |
500Mbps Astro Fibre RM149.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + News & Documentaries RM64.98 |
500Mbps Astro Fibre RM149.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Sports Pack RM99.99 |
500Mbps Astro Fibre RM149.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Epic Pack RM199.99 |
500Mbps Astro Fibre RM149.00 |
完美符合中型家庭的工作及游戏需求。以 1Gbps 的速度连接,让您体验到超快的互联网速度。
免费 数据机
免费 WiFi-7 路由器
无限数据
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack RM49.99 |
1Gbps Astro Fibre RM229.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + Kids RM59.98 |
1Gbps Astro Fibre RM229.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + Blockbuster RM59.98 |
1Gbps Astro Fibre RM229.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + News & Documentaries RM64.98 |
1Gbps Astro Fibre RM229.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Sports Pack RM99.99 |
1Gbps Astro Fibre RM229.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Epic Pack RM199.99 |
1Gbps Astro Fibre RM229.00 |
为满足所有人的一切需求而设的终极高速互联网。以 2Gbps 的速度连接,享受闪电般的网络速度。
免费 数据机
免费 WiFi-7 路由器
无限数据
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack RM49.99 |
2Gbps Astro Fibre RM319.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + Kids RM59.98 |
2Gbps Astro Fibre RM319.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + Blockbuster RM59.98 |
2Gbps Astro Fibre RM319.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Entertainment Pack + News & Documentaries RM64.98 |
2Gbps Astro Fibre RM319.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Sports Pack RM99.99 |
2Gbps Astro Fibre RM319.00 |
| 包括什么? |
Epic Pack RM199.99 |
2Gbps Astro Fibre RM319.00 |

Astro 提供的免费卫星电视服务。终身收看娱乐,新闻,学习和资讯节目等。
图片仅供参考。
新的解码器,不包含卫星天线和电缆。您必须已安装 Astro/Njoi 卫星天线和电缆并正常运作。
包括安装。
新的解码器配有卫星天线和电缆。
包括安装。
可靠的宽频配套可实现更高层次的业务增长。
支持最多 5 台设备上的 2-3 个用户。
支持最多 10 台设备上的 6 个用户。
支持多台设备上最多10个重度用户。
支持多台设备上最多 10 名高级用户。
为多台设备上最多 10 位高级用户提供终极支持。
适合家居办公及串流。
100Mbps/50Mbps
免费 Standard Router (RG5)
100Mbps/50Mbps
免费 Standard Router (RG5)
Netflix Basic
适合全高清串流及浏览。
300Mbps/50Mbps
免费 WiFi-6 Combo Box
300Mbps/50Mbps
免费 WiFi-6 Combo Box
Netflix Basic
适合有4K串流及游戏需求的小型家庭。
500Mbps/100Mbps
免费 WiFi-6 Combo Box
500Mbps/100Mbps
免费 WiFi-6 Combo Box
Netflix Standard
完美符合中型家庭的工作及游戏需求。
1Gbps/500Mbps
免费 WiFi-6 Combo Box
1Gbps/500Mbps
免费 WiFi-6 Combo Box
Netflix Standard
为满足所有人的一切需求而设的终极高速互联网。
2Gbps/1Gbps
免费 WiFi-6 Combo Box
2Gbps/1Gbps
免费 WiFi-6 Combo Box
Netflix Standard
可靠的宽频配套可实现更高层次的业务增长。
支持最多 5 台设备上的 2-3 个用户。
支持最多 5 台设备上的 2-3 个用户。
固定 IP。
支持最多 10 台设备上的 6 个用户。
支持最多 10 台设备上的 6 个用户。
固定 IP。
支持多台设备上最多10个重度用户。
支持多台设备上最多10个重度用户。
固定 IP。
支持多台设备上最多 10 名高级用户。
支持多台设备上最多 10 名高级用户。
固定 IP。
适合家居办公及串流。
免费 WiFi-6 Router
免费 WiFi-6 Router
无限语音通话
适合全高清串流及浏览。
免费 WiFi-6 Router
免费 WiFi-6 Router
无限语音通话
适合有4K串流及游戏需求的小型家庭。
免费 WiFi-6 Router
免费 WiFi-6 Router
无限语音通话
完美符合中型家庭的工作及游戏需求。
免费 WiFi-6 Router
免费 WiFi-6 Router
无限语音通话
为满足所有人的一切需求而设的终极高速互联网。
免费 WiFi-6 Router
免费 WiFi-6 Router
无限语音通话
签购
| Astro Njoi UniFi Maxis |
在这里找到您要的答案。
我们提供一站式服务为您申请Astro和Broadband。不必开车,排队和在销售柜台等候。 我们可以帮助您处理您的申请。
我们不收取额外费用。 无需提供信用卡信息。 费用与您在销售柜台申请的费用相同。
首先,您可以在线申请,我们将在工作时间内立即与您联系。 通过WhatsApp/电子邮件/传真发送您的身份证-IC(马来西亚公民)/ 护照(外国人)的复印件给我们。 收到所有资料后,我们将立即处理您的申请。
一旦收到您的完整资料,我们将在工作时间内立即处理您的申请。一旦您的申请获得批准,服务提供商的承包商将与您联系以进行安装预约。
ASTRO 和宽频收费同时在一张账单,享受更大的节省和无忧的账单支付。 在24个月的合约期内,您可以每月以折扣价享受 Astro 和宽频。
Astro 提供多种电视配套,包括娱乐、体育、电影和儿童配套。您可以选择符合您观看需求的配套,并在适用情况下添加额外的串流应用服务。
可以,您可以只订阅 Astro 电视配套而无需绑定宽频。不过,将 Astro 电视与光纤宽频绑定可享有更好的每月优惠,并且只需支付一张综合账单,更加方便。
对于小型家庭以及轻度上网和串流使用者,100Mbps 通常已足够。较大家庭、游戏玩家或重度串流用户则可选择 500Mbps 或 1Gbps 配套,以获得更流畅的多设备使用体验。
大多数 Astro 电视和光纤宽频配套都附带 24 个月合约期。如在合约期满前取消服务,可能会产生提前终止费用。
可以,您可在符合资格及覆盖范围的情况下随时升级电视配套或宽频速度。根据升级情况,可能需要重新计算合约期限。
您的每月账单将由 Astro 直接发出。您可通过电子邮件接收账单,或通过 Astro 账户在线查看。绑定配套用户将收到电视与宽频服务的综合账单。
付款方式包括网上银行、自动扣款、信用卡或 Astro 提供的其他认可付款渠道。我们的团队将在申请过程中为您提供协助。
如果您遇到任何服务中断问题,可联系 Astro 客户服务寻求技术协助。大多数情况下可远程解决,如有需要将安排技术人员上门处理。
可以,迁移服务需视新地址是否在服务覆盖范围内而定。根据您的配套,可能会产生迁移费用及合约调整。
不需要,提交申请时无需提供信用卡资料。服务获批后,付款安排将由 Astro 直接处理。
部分 Astro 电视配套可根据当前促销及服务情况添加串流服务等附加项目。可能需支付额外月费。
是的,光纤安装时通常会提供 WiFi 路由器。路由器型号可能会根据所选宽频速度配套而有所不同。
可以,我们会在处理您的申请前确认您地址的服务覆盖范围,以确保该地区可安装宽频服务。
马来西亚公民需提供 MyKad 复印件。外籍人士则需在提交宽频申请时提供护照复印件。
申请获批后,服务提供商通常会在 2 至 7 个工作日内联系您安排宽频安装预约。
大多数 Astro 宽频配套附带 24 个月合约期,从安装日期开始计算。如您搬迁,可能需要在新地址重新签订 24 个月合约。
可以,您可在新地址具备服务覆盖的情况下迁移宽频服务。合约期限可能会从新安装日期起重新计算 24 个月。
可以,您可申请在家中调整宽频设备位置。若属于非标准安装,可能会产生额外费用,并需在评估后直接支付给安装人员。
可以,您可转用 Astro 宽频。为避免服务中断,建议在终止现有宽频合约前先开通新的宽频服务。
标准安装在促销期间可能免费,但非标准安装(如设备迁移或复杂布线)可能会产生额外费用,并需直接支付给安装人员。
Yes, you will be able to access Disney+ Hotstar even if you remain on your existing Movies/Starter Plus/Value Plus Packs.
Yes, you will need to pay additional RM25 per remaining contract months per unit on top of the standard Broadband penalty fee should you terminate the contract within 24 months.
STEP 1
Switch OFF the power of your Ultra / Ulti box and make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2
Switch ON the power of your Ultra / Ulti box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on.

STEP 3
On your remote control, press the standby button repeatedly until the Startup Options appear on TV.

STEP 4
Press "1".

STEP 5
Press "1".

STEP 6
The Software Update progress screen will appears.
The update will take 10 - 15 minutes to complete.
Please be patience.

Your current additional RM20 rebate will be removed. However, you will still get to enjoy the standard bundle rebate accordingly.
The notification you receive will depend on the payment method you choose:
(i) My Astro Portal: e-receipt will indicate payment confirmation.
(ii) IVR: Payment status will be notified over the IVR and an SMS notification will be sent for successful transactions.
(iii) SMS: Payment status will be notified via SMS.
(iv) Call: Payment status will be notified via SMS.
(v) Customer Service Centre: Physical receipt will indicate payment confirmation.
Should there be any changes in plans we will keep our customers informed on any new development.
If band steering is enabled, you do not need to worry about which frequency band that your devices are connected to because the WiFi router will make the assessment and direct each device to appropriate frequency band.
However, it is important to note that quality and signal strength are not guaranteed due to unpredictability given that it is completely up to the connected devices and the WiFi router to intelligently decide on which band to connect.
This error indicates that you have reached the maximum number of simultaneous video streams across devices for one (1) account. To stop seeing this error, please stop streaming on one of your other devices.
• If you have recently purchased your Astro pack or made any changes to your pack on or after 9th November you can stream on two (2) concurrent screens
• If you have not made any changes you can stream on four (4) concurrent screens.
If you are still having issues, proceed to submit report via WhatsApp or Feedback Form.
Users can easily access all their streaming Apps such as Netflix, Disney+ Hotstar, Viu etc by clicking the “APPS” button on their remote control. After clicking this button, they will be brought to the Apps rail under the home page.
No. Astro GO is a FREE entitlement exclusively for customers with an Astro subscription. If you do not have an Astro subscription account, please visit astro.com.my to find out more.
STEP 1
Switch off the power of your box and make sure that the adapter’s power light is off.
STEP 2
Unplug the HDMI cable from your TV and plug it back in securely to other available HDMI port.
STEP 3
Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter’s power light is on.
Please wait for 5 minutes.
STEP 4
Turn on your box. Do select the correct TV input.
You should no longer be experiencing this problem.

STEP 1
On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2
Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3
Navigate to S/PDIF Audio and press "OK".

STEP 4
Navigate to your preferred selection and press “OK”.

Please close and re-launc hthe Astro Fibre app, and you will be able to log in.
Of course! Please ensure your account is active when requesting for a move.
If you are subscribed to Netflix via a bundle, Netflix comes by default as part of your entitlement.
If you are subscribed to Netflix as an a-la carte, the cancellation of Netflix can only be done via Netflix's Website, etc). This change will reflect in your next bill. From mid-December 2021 you may also cancel Netflix add-on through Astro Call Center.
"Payment Due Date" refers to the payment deadline for your Astro bills each month.
Yes, if a device is faulty due to customer's negligence, it is subject to a penalty fee for each device:
Currently Astro GO is only available in Malaysia. You will not be able to access it if you are overseas.
Settlement of total outstanding balance is to be made prior to any of the request.
Your purchased PPV daily pass will still be accessible to you for the purchased duration ie. 3, 5, 7 or 30 days respectively. However, you will no longer be able to purchase PPV daily passes from 8 Oct onward.
1. Clearly indicate full name of Astro customer, contact number and Astro subscription account number when making each payment (e.g. on bank-in slips)
2. For Direct Debit, please contact your bank for standing instructions. Provide the full name of Astro customer and Astro account number. The Direct Debit service may not be available with all banks. Please check with your bank for confirmation of Direct Debit service.
3. Please inform us of any changes in billing address/information by contacting us via one of these platforms.
IMPORTANT NOTICE: To avoid any problems in payment processing, please pay only at authorised Astro payment channels
This Service Tax is imposed on customers of Pay TV broadcasting services by the Government. As such the Service Tax will be passed on to the customers.

3. Click the Network Utility icon to open the Network Utility window.
4. For Ping Test, select the Ping tab and then type the address you'd like to ping in the text box. Click Ping and wait for the ping results.

5. For Traceroute Test, select the Traceroute tab and then type the address you like to traceroute in the text box. Click Trace and wait for the traceroute results.

1. Click the Search icon (magnifying glass) in the bottom left-hand corner and type "cmd" into the search bar.

2. Select the Command Prompt app - it will be at the top of the list of search results as the best match.

3. A black box with a flashing cursor will open; this is the Command Prompt.
For Ping Test, type "ping" and then hit the Space bar on your keyboard. Type in the address you like to ping and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard. Wait for the ping results.

For Traceroute Test, type "tracert" and then hit the Space bar on your keyboard. Type in the address you like to trace and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard. Wait for the tracert results.

1. Open the Start menu by clicking the Windows icon at the bottom left-hand corner of the screen.
2. Type "cmd" in the search bar at the bottom of the menu.
3. Click cmd found in the search results for Programs.

4. A black box with a flashing cursor will open; this is the Command Prompt.
For Ping Test, type "ping" and then hit the Space bar on your keyboard. Type in the address you like to ping and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard. Wait for the ping results.

For Traceroute Test, type "tracert" and then hit the Space bar on your keyboard. Type in the address you like to trace and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard. Wait for the traceroute results.

1. Move the mouse to the right-hand corner of the screen to make the vertical menu bar (charm bar) appear. Click Search.
2. Type "cmd" in the search bar and hit the Enter key on your keyboard.

3. Click cmd that found in the search results for Programs.
4. A black box with a flashing cursor will open; this is the Command Prompt.
For Ping Test, type "ping" and then hit the Space bar on your keyboard. Type in the address you like to ping and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard. Wait for the ping results.

For Traceroute Test, type "tracert" and then hit the Space bar on your keyboard. Type in the address you'd like to trace and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard. Wait for the traceroute results.

1. Click the Start button in the bottom left-hand corner of the screen.
2. Click the Run option in the right-hand column.

3. Type "cmd" in the text box and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard.

4. A black box with a flashing cursor will open; this is the Command Prompt.
For Ping Test, type "ping" and then hit the Space bar on your keyboard. Type in the address you'd like to ping and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard. Wait for the ping results.

For Traceroute Test, type "tracert" and then hit the Space bar on your keyboard. Type in the address you'd like to trace and then hit the Enter key on your keyboard. Wait for the tracert results.

Yes, from now till 31 May 2022, new customers who sign up for the Platinum Pack on a 24-month contract get to enjoy 60 days on Astro including complimentary access to Sports Extra for 24 months.
For further details on Platinum Pack, please click bit.ly/PlatinumPack60DaysOnUs. Alternatively, new customers on the Movies Pack can enjoy 30 days access to the pack on us.
For more details, please click bit.ly/MoviesPack30DaysOnUs.
Yes, eKYC verification is mandatory. In addition, this verification process helps to reduce manual handling of customer's personal information and secure against unauthorised usage.
STEP 1
On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2
Navigate to Guide.

STEP 3
Select the channel you would like to add to favourite list and press "OK".
STEP 4
Select "Add to Favourites" and press "OK".

STEP 5
You are successfully added the channel to favourite list when this screen appears.

STEP 6
Your selected channel will have a heart tagging after added as favourite.

| Step 1: Visit https://id.astro.com.my/ and click on “Forgot Password?” | Step 2: Enter your username, email or mobile number. A verification code will be sent to you. Please enter it into the field and click “Verify” to reset your password. |
To check your contract, please visit My Astro.
Yes, you may still watch CH550 Love Nature and CH811 Astro SuperSport which offers the same content/programmes, but in HD resolution. Kindly note that CH811 Astro SuperSport is only available for customers on the Sports, Sports Plus, Premium 1, Premium 2, Premium 4, Platinum Lite and Platinum Packs.
Having trouble with your phone line ?
You may proceed to contact below dedicated service provider directly
1 800 1818 18
We want to ensure that only the authorised account owner can have access to their Astro account. This activity ensures that only you can log in and access all the details tied to your Astro account.
To request for a move, you may choose to:
1. Self-serve by logging in to My Astro app and follow the steps below:
Step 1: From Account tab, choose Installation address under Subscription.
Step 2: Click "Relocate”.
Step 3: Verify your identity via OTP.
Step 3: Fill in the OTP that you receive and proceed by clicking "Verify"
Step 4: Confirm the Address, a support ticket will be created.
2. Submit your feedback via below link: https://support.astro.com.my/feedback-form
Step1: Choose Feedback Type
Step2: Fill in the form and click “Submit” support ticket.
No, the courier charges are borne by Astro for the retrieval of the box and Smart Card/SIM Card.
There will be two attempts made to retrieve the box and you are required to be available at the agreed upon time.
Step 1:
Type ASTRO EBILL <Your 10-Digit Smart Card Number> <Your Email Address>
Example: ASTRO EBILL 0156123412 abcdabcd@gmail.com
Step 2:
Send SMS to 66688
Note: This request must be sent from account holder’s mobile/primary number
*Standard telco charges and Terms & Conditions apply
For technical visit, the current fees will remain unchanged i.e.: 8% Service Tax absorbed by Astro. As for installation fees, current fees will remain unchanged i.e.: 6% Service Tax has already been included in installation fees, as 2% will be absorbed by Astro.
Please fill up the forms below for processing your request:
Transfer of Equiment Ownership Form
Starting 12 December 2023, users have to use their registered email address, mobile number or a social account (Facebook, Google or Apple) to log into any of Astro's digital platforms, including My Astro, Astro GO and Astro's official website. Usernames as an Astro ID is no longer available. This change was made to ensure details linked to your Astro account are always updated and to improve the overall user experience on our platforms.
STEP 1
On your remote, press the HOME button.

STEP 2
Navigate to SETTINGS icon and press "OK".

STEP 3
Navigate to Manage Satellite Frequency and press “OK”.

STEP 4
Choose to Update Satellite Frequency and press “OK”.

STEP 5
Choose "Confirm" to continue Satellite Frequency Update and press “OK”.

STEP 6
Satellite Frequency Update progress screen will be displayed.
The updates will take approximately 20 minutes.

STEP 7
The status will be displayed once update is complete.

Yes, you can purchase Astro First and Astro Best content by using the app and web. Refer below for the steps to purchase movies via this app and web. Thereafter, you can watch them on Astro Go.

The supported app platforms are iOS (requires iOS 13.0 or later), and Android (requires Android 8.1 or later), and all Harmony OS.
The supported web browser are Google Chrome, Safari, Mozilla Firefox, Microsoft Edge, Internet Explorer, Opera and other web browser.
Astro Fibre installation will come with 1 unit of TM fibre modem and 1 WiFi router with 24 months warranty period.
While warranty period for Mesh WiFi will be treated as one-to-one swap for faulty Mesh units at any point of time during your service tenure with active Mesh subscription.
Surcharge is imposed by 3rd party payment collection partners for services rendered. Kindly note that customers may be charged a surcharge per transaction when bill payments are made via the following methods:-
Bill payments at selected petrol stations, convenience stores, retail/mobile shops, kiosk, and e-wallets may incur a surcharge of up to RM0.50 per transaction by the appointed collection agencies of RMS (formerly known as Razer/MOL), ATX, MobilityOne, and e-Pay.
· To find out more on how to make your bill payments, click here.
We wish to advise you to make your payment before the following month's bill is generated in order to avoid interruption in your viewing experience. Please note that to reconnect your subscription, there will be a charge of up to RM20 (excl. gov tax) upon reconnection, except for Commercial & Hotel customers.
Find out more about the reconnection fee here.
STEP 1
Switch off the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2
Locate the Smartcard at the front or right side and gently pull it out make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 3
Wipe the Smartcard's gold chip clean using a dry soft cloth.

STEP 4
Make sure the gold chip is facing upwards and reinsert it all the way in.

STEP 5
Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on. Please wait for 5 minutes.

STEP 6
Turn on your box. You should no longer be experiencing this problem.
If issue persist, please submit the issue in our Feedback Form and attach a picture of your General tab of the STB Diagnostics for assistance.

Yes, as part of our Astro Fibre Movies & Sports Campaign, new Astro Fibre customers can enjoy 50Mbps + the Movies/Movies+/Sports/Sports+ Pack TV bundle for a special price from only RM164.99/month when they sign up within the campaign period, with more than RM800 savings in total.
Tap on the "Content' tab on the navigation bar. Select "Channels' and the channel of interest and you may view the scheduled programmes of the day. To switch between days, choose a channel and tap on a particular day (E.g. Mon, Tues, Wed). You may also view the showtimes of the day and up to the next six days.

Upon submitting your application, you will receive the eKYC link via SMS/email/astro.com.my to complete the eKYC verification within 3 days.
Yes, as long as it is compatible with Open Mesh standards and Astro Fibre equipment. However, Astro will not be responsible for managing or configuring the device. For the optimum WiFi experience, please pair your Astro Fibre with Astro's Mesh WiFi.
There will be no installation fee for both Astro Box and Ultra Box. The Multiroom (second decoder) must be installed at the same registered address as your primary subscription.
Zee5 is the only app that has a change in price upon the SST increase. Prices of Netflix, Disney+ Hotstar, Viu, iQIYI, WeTV and Qalbox will not be affected.