We provide one stop service to apply Astro and Broadband for you.
You can avoid driving and queuing at the sales counter. We are the dealer that can help you to handle your application from the beginning to the end.

We do not charge you when you apply from us. There is no credit card information required to apply here. Charges are the same as you apply from the sales counter.

First, you can apply online, we will get back to you immediately during business hour. WhatsApp/Email/Fax us your Photocopy of IC (for malaysian) / Passport (for foreigners). When we receive all the information, we will proceed with your application immediately.

Once we receive your application with complete information, we will process your application immediately during business hour. The contractor from the service provider will then contact you for installation appointment once your application is approved.

Enjoy greater savings and hassle-free bill payment in one single bill for both Astro and Broadband. You get to enjoy Astro and Broadband at discounted price every month over the contract period of 24 months.

Astro offers multiple TV packs including Entertainment, Sports, Movies and Kids options. You can choose a pack that matches your viewing preferences and add optional streaming apps where available.

Yes, you may subscribe to Astro TV packs without bundling broadband. However, bundling Astro TV with Fibre Broadband may provide better monthly savings and convenience with a single bill.

For small households with light streaming and browsing, 100Mbps is usually sufficient. Larger families, gamers or heavy streamers may benefit from 500Mbps or 1Gbps plans for smoother performance across multiple devices.

Most Astro TV and Fibre broadband plans come with a 24-month contract. Early termination charges may apply if cancellation is made before the contract ends.

Yes, you may upgrade your TV pack or broadband speed at any time, subject to eligibility and coverage. A new contract period may apply depending on the upgrade.

Your monthly bill will be issued directly by Astro. You may receive it via email or access it through your Astro account. Bundled customers will receive a single combined bill for TV and broadband services.

Payment methods may include online banking, auto debit, credit card or other approved payment channels provided by Astro. Our team can guide you during the registration process.

If you experience any service interruption, you may contact Astro customer support for technical assistance. In many cases, issues can be resolved remotely or a technician will be arranged if necessary.

Yes, relocation is subject to service availability at your new address. Relocation charges and contract adjustments may apply depending on your plan.

No, you do not need a credit card to submit your application. Payment setup will be arranged directly with Astro after your service is approved.

Selected Astro TV packs allow optional add-ons such as streaming services depending on current promotions and availability. Additional monthly charges may apply.

Yes, a WiFi router is typically provided during fibre installation. The router model may vary depending on the selected broadband speed plan.

Yes, we will check the service coverage at your address before proceeding with your application to ensure broadband is available at your location.

For Malaysians, please provide a copy of your MyKad. For foreigners, provide a copy of your passport when submitting your broadband application.

After your application is approved, the service provider typically contacts you within 2 to 7 working days to arrange the broadband installation appointment.

Most Astro Broadband plans come with a 24-month contract starting from your installation date. If you relocate, a new 24-month contract may apply at your new address.

Yes, you can relocate your broadband service, subject to service availability at the new address. Your contract may reset for another 24 months from the new installation date.

Yes, you may request to relocate broadband devices within your home. Non-standard installation charges may apply and are payable to the installer directly after assessment.

Yes, you can switch to Astro Broadband. To avoid service interruption, it is recommended to activate the new service before terminating your current broadband contract.

Standard installations may be free during promotions, but non-standard installations (e.g., device relocation or complex wiring) may incur extra charges payable directly to the installer.

Although anyone can create an Astro ID, only the Astro account owner is allowed to link their account to the Astro ID. Otherwise, you will need permission from the account's owner in order to complete the linking.

1. Power reset (on & off) your TV, Astro Decoder, Modem and Router.

2. Ensure standard physical connection (No 3rd party devices connected to decoder and modem).

3. Please ensure at all-time your router is 0.5 meter away from your Astro Decoder to avoid signal interferences.

4. Please standby computer/laptop to access to the internet and connection must be via LAN (cable) [connect the LAN (cable) at any LAN port at router and direct to computer/laptop].

5. You may open any web browser such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and etc.

6. On the address bar, please go to http://www.speedtest.net/ and below page will appear.

7. Click "Change Server" to edit the settings preferred by Internet Service Provider (ISP).

8. Edit the server settings by search and select the required server required by ISP.

    For Maxis provider - Select Subang Jaya - Maxis server.

    For TIME provider -  Select Shah Alam - TIME dotcom Bhd server.      

    For Allo provider -  Select Cyberjaya - Global Forway Sdn Bhd server.

9.Click "GO", and the test will  begin.

The test is completed once both download and upload speeds are displayed.

Sample of the Speedtest result is shown below.

**Please  ensure the snapshot includes a time stamp and network used either LAN cable  or wireless (as per picture above)

10. Kindly screenshot or take a picture of the result, name it as "LAN Speedtest".

11. Repeat the test once again using Wi-Fi connection (Please unplug your LAN cable and connect via wireless connection using your SSID).

12. Screenshot or take a picture of the  result, name it as "WiFi Speedtest".

Yes, you can upgrade your internet speed. However, speed downgrade is not allowed.

My Astro is an easy-to-use, free mobile phone app and responsive web portal that helps Astro customers to manage their Astro accounts. My Astro allows customers to manage their accounts, pay bills, and get any support they need. In addition, customers can find and purchase the latest shows to be viewed on their Astro Box or on Astro GO. Customers can also receive news about Astro's latest products and content offerings.

Tap on the "Account' screen on the navigation bar to view your outstanding balance. Click on "Pay Now' to pay your bill. If your payment is successful, you will receive a record and your payment history will be updated.

No additional subscription is required. Video On-Demand (VOD) is a value-added service for all Astrro customers with connected Astro boxes (Ultra Box, Ulti Box, HD-PVR & PVR boxes). All you have to do is connect your decoder to your home Wi-Fi and you'll be able to access the world of on demand. Binge-watch, rewind, fast-froward and stream all your favourite shows anytime.

New and existing Astro customers will enjoy rebates up to RM39/month for 24 months when they subscribe to selected Astro Fibre TV bundles and a FREE speed upgrade for all customers who subscribe within the promotion period.
 

Connect your Ultra Box/Ulti Box today and get the full value for your subscription. We believe we can provide you the best entertainment experience in Malaysia, and it all starts with connecting your box to the internet.

Want to enjoy these features for free?

• Continue watching Astro even when it’s raining.
• Binge-watch and catch-up to 110,000 videos on-demand from Malaysia, Hollywood, Korea, China, Bollywood and more anytime.
• Create multiple profiles in your house to enjoy a personalized Astro experience, with shows recommended to you based on your interest. There is a Kids-friendly version for your little ones as well.
• Rewind, pause and fast-forward shows and matches so that you will never miss another moment.

‍

STEP 1

On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be  displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2

Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3

Scroll to Network Settings and press "OK". Select New Wi-Fi Connection and press "OK".

‍

STEP 4

Select your Wi-Fi network and press "OK". Please enter the password to connect to your network.

STEP 5

You have successfully connected when this screen appears.

You will be notified 30 days before the expiry on the renewal of subscription and can opt-out from auto renewal at least (2) days before the auto-renewal date.

If you want to opt-out of your auto-renewal for Disney+ Hotstar, please contact our Customer Contact Centre at 03 9543 3838 and speak to one of our customer service executives to change your package according to what suits you best at least two (2) days before the next auto-renewal date. Alternatively, please WhatsApp us at 03 9543 3838 and type DH Help for further assistance.

We would need you to  run few tests in order for us to understand your issue and to assist you in fixing the problem.

You may proceed with the troubleshooting steps below which should not require any longer than 15 minutes.

1. Please run each of the tests according to your your Laptop/ PC Software.

2. Compile the pictures/ screenshots of your test results in one file (i.e Microsof Word document, PDF file) and  attach them in the Support Ticket below in order for us to assist you further:

• List of websites effected.
• Run the Speed Test via LAN (cable) and Wi-Fi connection - Please click here for Speed Test guideline.
• Run the Traceroute Test - Please click here for Traceroute Test guideline.
• Run the Ping Test -  Please click here for Ping Test guideline.

3. Once you've gathered all the results, kindly send them all through the Feedback Form below,

Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access  parameters, such as connection data rate.
A Ping Test shows how long it takes for packets to reach host.
A Traceroute Test traces the route of packets to destination host from our  server.

Please check your internet speed and connection status via internet connection test. If your internet is working fine and the issue persists, proceed to submit report via WhatsApp or Feedback Form.

No, Pay-Per-View is no longer available in CH200.

Disney+ Hotstar is available on Chromecast (Gen 2 onwards, firmware 1.43 & above) and with the latest version of the Disney+ Hotstar app on iPhone, iPad and Android mobile. 

Follow these instructions to cast your film/series: 

• Make sure your mobile device and your Chromecast are on the same WiFi network 
• Log into your Disney+ Hotstar app 
• Select a film/series that you want to cast 
• Press "Play' 
• Once the film/series has started, tap on the casting icon 
• Select the screen you wish to cast to 
• The film/series should then be cast onto your screen

This error indicates that you have reached the maximum number of simultaneous video streams across devices for one (1) account. To stop seeing this error, please stop streaming on one of your other devices.

• If you have recently purchased your Astro pack or made any changes to your pack on or after 9th November you can stream on two (2) concurrent screens

• If you have not made any changes you can stream on four (4) concurrent screens.

If you are still having issues, proceed to submit report via WhatsApp or Feedback Form.
 

Refund can only be made by the registered Astro account holders.

However, if you would like to request refunds on behalf of the account holder, you may do so by providing the supporting documents (e.g.: authorization  letter, death certificate, 3rd party NRIC copy).

This Disney+ Hotstar software update will be rolled out progressively to all Ulti Box customers starting 23 August 2022. Please be assured that you will be able to access the Disney+ Hotstar app on your Ulti Box soon. 

If you need further assistance, please call our Customer Contact Centre or WhatsApp "DH Help

STEP 1    

On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2    

Navigate to Guide.

STEP 3  

Select the channel you would  like to add to favourite list and press "OK".

STEP 4  

Select "Add to Favourites" and press "OK".

STEP 5

You are successfully added the channel to favourite list when this screen appears.

STEP 6

Your selected channel will have a heart tagging after added as favourite.

Deposit of RM500 (Maxis) and RM300 (Allo) is payable by new subscribers (non-Malaysian). The fee will be reimbursed when service is terminated.

No deposit required for all existing Astro customers and new subscribers (Malaysian).

Yes, you will enjoy an Ulti box when subscribing to Primary/Entertainment/ Movie Pack OR an Ultra box when subscribing to Sports/Sports+/Movies+/Premium 1/Premium 2/Premium 3/Platinum Pack.

You will get FREE installation for both Ultra/Ulti box upon signing up with Astro & Broadband.

For customers with the Ultra or Ulti Box, you are required to return only the Astro box along with the Smart/SIM Card. There  is no requirement to return the remote control, power cables or satellite  dish/outdoor unit (ODU).

For customers on other Boxes, you are required to discard them (and their accompanying devices such as the Smart/SIM Card) only at registered collection centers for proper handling and management of e-waste in an environmentally sound manner. Click here to find a registered collection center near you.

Please check if you are streaming on a supported device. Astro GO is only applicable within the supported platforms; mobile devices (phones and tablets) and web browsers.

If you are still having issues, proceed to submit report via WhatsApp or Feedback Form.

You can be assured that your data are safe with us. Astro implemented sufficient security measures to protect customer data and fully comply to Personal Data  Protection Act

Please close and re-launc hthe Astro Fibre app, and you will be able to log in.

Option 1

1. Please turn off all devices (Modem and Router). By restarting your modem, you can isolate the possibility of overloaded processes in the modem, which would  impact its performance.    

2. Ensure the fiber cable from your wall socket and modem is securely connected.

Notes: You might be connected to LAN 1 if backbone is Maxis

Router connection

3. Please make sure the LAN cable is connected properly from router (Port 1-4 - Yellow port) to PC/Laptop.

4. If the issue persists, submit your feedback form and attach your modem light indicator picture/video for further assistance.
 

Option 2/ Option 3/ Option 5/ Option 6

1. Please turn off all devices (Modem and Router). By restarting your modem, you can isolate the possibility of overloaded processes in the modem, which would  impact its performance.

2. Ensure the fiber cable from your wall socket and modem is securely connected.

3. Ensure both cables on the Modem (LAN Port 2) and Router (WAN Port - Red port) are properly connected.

Notes: You might be connected to LAN 1  if backbone is Maxis

Router connection

4. Please make sure the LAN cable is connected properly from router (Port 1-4 - Yellow port) to PC/Laptop.

5. Please make sure both cables on Router (Any Yellow port) and Astro Decoder (Network Port behind decoder) are properly inserted.

6. Switch on modem and router and please wait for 2 minutes to stabilise the devices after reboot.

7. If the issue persists, submit your feedback form and attach your modem light indicator picture/video for further assistance.

Option 4

1. Ensure Modem/Router are connected tightly to the power socket.

2. Try to use another power socket / power source to eliminate faulty power sockets/power sources which  could cause the issue.

3. If the issue persists, submit your feedback form for further assistance.

Refund  can be made when there be a termination of account, over payments and in  cases where payment was wrongly made to another Astro account.

Astro sends regular payment reminders to customers via SMS until their current charges have been paid. However, we encourage customers to pay their bill as soon as possible to avoid disconnection of Astro service. Please reach out to us here if you require more information about payment reminders or to change your contact details.

No additional fees will be charged upon your relocation. However, you are required to notify Astro of your move. Please refer to Astro's General T&Cs for more information.

Once your Plug & Play Box has been activated, a courier service will reach out to you within TWO (2) weeks for a time for them to pick up the old Astro box and SIM card/Smartcard.

1. Ensure that all cables have been plugged out of the old Astro box. To remove the white satellite cable from your old Astro box, simply hold the cable, twist, and gently pull.
2. Set aside these items to be ready for our delivery partner to pick up from you:

• Old Astro Box
• Old Astro Smartcard/SIM Card (leave this in your Astro Box)

3. When a courier arrives at your residence, do confirm that they are collecting items on behalf of Astro.
4. Allow the courier to check the serial number of the Astro box.
5. Hand them all the items for return, and you're done!

STEP 1
Please wait while your Astro box initializes.



STEP 2
Select your preferred language.



STEP 3
Navigate to Next and press "OK".



STEP 4
Select Auto as the Video Resolution.



STEP 5
Navigate to Next and press "OK".



STEP 6
Navigate to Confirm and press "OK" to confirm your selection if you are able to read the texts on screen properly.
Otherwise, navigate to Cancel to revert to the previous settings.



STEP 7
Select Satellite as the box operating mode.



STEP 8
Navigate to Next and press "OK".



STEP 9
Select your preferred connection.
For connection via Wi-Fi, proceed to STEP 10.
For connection via LAN Cable, proceed to STEP 16 once you are connected.



STEP 10
Please wait while your Astro box searches for available Wi-Fi networks.



STEP 11
Navigate to your preferred Wi-Fi network and press "OK".



STEP 12
Please enter the password to connect to the Wi-Fi network.



STEP 13
Navigate to Done to continue.



STEP 14
Please wait while your Astro box connects to the internet.



STEP 15
Navigate to Yes to allow your Astro box to connect to this network automatically.
Otherwise, navigate to No.
Proceed to STEP 17 for the next step.



STEP 16
Navigate to Next and press "OK". 



STEP 17
Navigate to Universal.



STEP 18
Navigate to Next and press "OK".



STEP 19
Select 01 M3B VL - 10732 as the Entry Point.



STEP 20
Navigate to Next and press "OK".



STEP 21
Please wait until the signal reading is updated.
Navigate to Finish and press "OK" to complete the settings.

Yes, customers will be charged a fixed Paper Bill Fee of RM10.00 per bill every month for each account.

Not all shows/channels will be available on Astro GO as this depends on contractual rights with specific guidelines on the entitlement of these shows/channels and what you have as a part of your subscription. 

Below are channels that are not available on Astro GO:

1. TV3
2. TAYANGAN HEBAT HD
3. ART
4. NTV7
5. 8TV
6. TV9
7. VELLITHIRAI
8. AWESOME TV
9. STAR CHINESE CHANNEL
10. ARABIC RADIO & TV VARIETY
11. NJOI TV
12. NHK WORLD HD
13. FX HD
14. ASTRO BEST / FIRSTCHANNELS

Please be assured that Astro is continuously working on getting more content available on Astro GO.

If you're trying to visit a website and it won't load, but others do, there could be a variety of causes. If the site itself is down, there's not much you can do but wait.

If you can load the site on other computers or devices (make sure you try different means of connecting to the internet), there may be an issue with your computer or network.

There are some quick fixes that will solve most problems, but you may have to get your hands a little dirty.
 

1. Try loading the site on a different device.
   • Try loading the website on your phone or on another computer. If the website loads on the other device, the problem lies with your computer.
   • If the website doesn't load on another device, the problem is either with the network
2. Restart your computer.
   • Oftentimes, a simple reboot will fix the problem you're having. Reboot your computer and test the website again.
3. Try loading the site in a different browser.
   • There may be some settings configured incorrectly on your browser. Try a different web browser to see if you can load the website.
4. Temporarily disable your antivirus program.
   • Your antivirus software may be interfering with your ability to load certain websites.
   • Try disabling the software and then loading the site again. Make sure you enable it again once you have identified the problem.
5. Reset  your modem and router.
   • Traffic to or from a certain website may be getting tripped up by your modem or router. Resetting these devices may allow you to access the website again.
6. Check your computer's date and time settings.
   • If your date or time is set incorrectly, you may not be able to connect to secure (https://) websites.
   • Check your computer or mobile device's clock to make sure that it is set to the correct time and date.

i. List of websites effected.
ii. Run the Speed Test via LAN (cable) and Wi-Fi connection - Please click here for Speed Test guideline.  
iii. Run the Traceroute Test - Please click here for Traceroute Test guideline.
iv. Run the Ping Test -  Please click here for Ping Test guideline.

Once you've gathered all the results, kindly send them all through the Feedback Form below.

Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access  parameters, such as connection data rate.
A Ping Test shows how long it takes for packets to reach host.    
A Traceroute Test traces the route of packets to destination host from our  server.

Video On Demand is FREE* for all Astro customers with connected Astro boxes (Ultra Box, Ulti Box, HD-PVR &PVR boxes). Aside from our extensive library of more than 110,000 video, you can also enjoy blockbuster movies on a pay-per-view basis. 

‍Please note that your default pin is 0000 to make any purchases. 

‍*Entitlement is based on subscription package.

Kindly note that not all Astro & Broadband Devices are required to be returned. After service termination of your Astro & Broadband service, we will call you via your registered mobile number within 3 days to schedule a pickup appointment with our Astro agent if your device needs to be returned.

If you were not contacted within 3 working days to return your devices, you are required to discard your old Astro & Broadband devices only at registered collection centres for proper handling and management of e-waste in an environmentally sound manner. Click here to find a registered collection centre near you.

Frequently Asked Questions

1)     I missed the pickup appointment; what do I do now?

You can reschedule the pick-up appointment by calling our agent directly.

2)     Can I reschedule my pickup date?

Yes! You can call our agent back directly to reschedule the pickup date and time.

3)     Do I have to pack my device(s) before handing it over to the Astro agent?

Our Astro agent will dismantle the devices for you. However, if your devices are already dismantled, please pack them in their original box/packaging if possible. If this option is not available to you, just hand the device(s) over to the Astro agent without any packaging. You will not be charged any fees if the original packaging has been damaged/lost.

4)     Do I have to print anything or fill in any forms before handing my device(s) over to the Astro agent?

No, you do not have to prepare any documents before handing your device(s) over to the Astro agent! All you have to do is get your device(s)ready before the Astro agent arrives to ensure a smooth handover process.

5)     I have the Astro & Broadband router and modem to return, however, the cable(s) that come with them are damaged/lost; will there be any penalty fees?

No, please return your old Astro & Broadband modem and its power supply unit (PSU). There will be no penalty fees if the cable is damaged or lost.

Recycle via Registered Collection Centres

For all recycling-related questions, please click here.

Netflix is a streaming entertainment service that offers a wide variety of award-winning TV programmes, films, anime, documentaries and more - on thousands of internet-connected devices. There's always something new to discover, and more TV shows and movies are added every month. The more you watch, the better Netflix gets at recommending TV shows and movies you'll love.

Astro customers with an internet-connected Ultra Box or Ulti Box can access the Netflix app and watch Netflix content via their Astro Box. For more information about Netflix, visit the Netflix website.

For all new Astro Fibre customers with the RG21 router, the Astro Fibre App will be installed on your mobile device for you during installation. Alternatively,you may refer to the user guide here for self-installation.

No, there is no penalty or switching fee if you decide to cancel your Multiroom (Smart TV) subscription.

In your first Astro bill, the first month's bill will be deducted accordingly excluding tax. You will still need to pay the full tax amount for your first month as per your first month's bill.

Note: Advance payment is only applicable to Astro TV pack purchases. If you subscribe to an Astro Fibre + TV bundle, only one month of your TV subscription fee (excluding tax) is required to be paid upon sign-up. The full tax amount and the first-month subscription fee for Astro Fibre will be paid on your first month's bill.

Please visit http://help.netflix.com to call or start a live chat with Netflix's customer support agents. You will be assisted to unlink your Netflix account from your Astro subscription. After the process, you may link another Netflix account to your Astro subscription.

Yes,existing Astro & Broadband customers within contract or out of contract can subscribe to Astro Fibre offer. The 24-month contract will be renewed.

However, your contract with Maxis/Allo needs to be terminated before signing up to this offer. An early cancellation fee applies if you are still within contract.

‍*Subject to Terms &Conditions of your contract

Each Astro customer can subscribe to a maximum of one (1) Multiroom (Smart TV) subscription. If you need additional Multiroom access, you may subscribe to Multiroom (Astro Box). All subscription has to be used within the same location as per the main subscription.

You may proceed with below troubleshooting and it shouldn't take you any longer than 15 minutes.

1. Please standby computer/laptop to access to the internet and connection must be via LAN (cable) [Connect the LAN (cable) to the blue port at Cisco Router and direct to computer/laptop].

2. You may open any web browser such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and etc.

3. On the address bar, please go to http://192.168.1.1 and below page will appear.

4. Type the Username and Password as below. Then click OK. (These are the defaults, if you have done previous configuration on your router the password may be different).
 

Username: admin

Password: admin (or time123)
 

5. The router's web-based setup page should now appear. Please follow below steps for the configuration.

i. On the setup page, click the Wireless tab then click on the Basic Wireless Settings sub-tab.

ii. On the Configuration View section, click the Manual radio button. Choosing the Manual setup will allow you to adjust your wireless channel according to your preference.

iii. Leave the Channel Width set to 20MHz Only.

iv. Click the drop-down arrow for Channel, then select your desired channel.

Choose between 1 until 11 (Suggested 1,6,11).

v. Click Save Settings to apply your changes. Router will auto reboot and connection re-establish after few minutes.

Step 1: Visit Astro website at https://www.astro.com.my/

Step 2: Click "Login'

Step 3: After login, click the profile icon and select 'Manage Profile'. You may change your account password here.

Only new and existing Astro Fibre customers with the latest RG21 router can use the Astro Fibre app.

Create your Astro ID anytime by following these simple steps: 

• Step 1: Fill in your details at astro.com.my/astroID
  
  

Please provide your primary mobile number via My Astro Portal, or send it to one of our platforms found here.

Note:

• Any changes of contact details to be requested by account holder only.
• Only account holder's contact to be updated as primary mobile number in the system.

Astro Fibre WiFi router is a dual-band edge Residential Gateway which supports two frequency bands 2.4GHz and 5GHz.

You may reach out to Astro's customer service at 03-95433838 if you think there's an error regarding your redemption or rewards.

The Ultra/Ulti Plug & Play Box comes with a one-year box hardware warranty.

For self-installation, there is a warranty seal at the bottom of the Ultra/Ulti Plug & Play Box, which must not be removed or tampered with as this would void the one-year Ultra/Ulti box hardware warranty.

Starting 12 December 2023, Multiroom Smart TV app customers can enjoy two 4K Ultra HD (4K UHD) channels, namely CH549 Love Nature and CH805 Astro SuperSport. “Love Nature” is available to all customers regardless of their subscribed TV Pack. It celebrates the complexity of life on earth, presenting nature stories in stunning detail and colours.


Additionally, “Astro SuperSport” is only available to customers on the Sports, Sports Plus, Premium 1, Premium 2, Premium 4, Platinum Lite and Platinum Packs. This channel showcases a variety of sporting events, selected to appeal to the Malaysian viewing audience.