Ya. Anda layak mendapatkan akaun Netflix berasingan untuk setiap langganan utama Astro cth. Jika anda melanggan kepada Entertainment Plus, Pek Platinum dsb. secara berasingan. Oleh yang demikian, jika anda mempunyai lebih daripada satu langganan utama Astro dengan Netflix, anda boleh memilih untuk membuat lebih dari satu alamat e-mel untuk mengaktifkan setiap langganan Netflix masing-masing. Sila ikuti langkah-langkah yang diberikan kepada anda melalui e-mel/SMS untuk mengaktifkan langganan Netflix anda di laman web.

Ya, terdapat lima platform bil digital yang tersedia untuk semua pelanggan bagi memeriksa bil Astro mereka:

A. My Astro app

1. Muat turun aplikasi My Astro app

2. Log masuk dengan Astro ID anda

3. Pergi ke Akaun > Bil

4. Anda boleh menyemak jumlah bil, buat bayaran, muat turun penyata bil, dan melihat sejarah pembayaran - semuanya dalam satu aplikasi

B. My Astro Web

Sebagai alternatif, anda juga boleh guna versi laman web My Astro

C. Astro Quick Pay

1. Layari https://pay.astro.com.my

2. Masukkan Nombor Akaun Astro 10 digit anda dan ikuti arahan untuk melihat bil, status akaun, membayar bil atau menambah peringatan pada kalendar Google anda.

Nota: Anda tidak boleh muat turun bil atau melihat sejarah pembayaran melalui Astro Quick Pay. Untuk pengalaman yang lebih baik, sila muat turun aplikasi My Astro app.

D. IVR

1. Hubungi +603-9543 3838

2. Tekan 1 untuk pertanyaan akaun

3. Masukkan akaun Astro 10 digit anda atau MyKad 12-digit

4. Tekan 2 untuk Pembayaran dan Pengebilan

5. Tekan 1 untuk menerima SMS dengan baki bil andadan pautan pembayaran dalam talian

Nota: Anda tidak boleh muat turun bil atau melihat sejarah pembayaran melalui IVR. Muat turun aplikasi My Astro app untuk pengalaman pengurusan bil yang lebih lengkap.

E. Auto-Debit

Sebagai alternatif, sila daftar ke Auto-Debit dengan mengikuti langkah-langkah di sini untuk pembayaran mudah.

💳 Nak urus bil Astro anda dengan mudah?

📱 Muat turun My Astro app sekarang untuk:
- Lihat dan muat turun penyata bil
- Semak sejarah pembayaran
- Bayar dengan beberapa klik sahaja

You can view your iQIYI entitlement & payment details in the app by follow these steps:
Step 1: Go to the Home Page
Step 2: Click on "VIP subscription"
Step 3: Click on "Manage VIP subscription" (Gear icon)

After following these steps, you will be able to view your entitlement expiry date, next payment date & payment method.

Untuk pelanggan dengan Entertainment Plus, Premium 2, Premium 3 dan Platinum Pack

1. Lancarkan Netflix daripada skrin halaman utama atau melalui alat kawalan jauh.
2. Klik 'Get Started'.
3. Jika anda seorang pelanggan Netflix sedia ada, sila isikan alamat e-mel dan kata laluan yang dikaitkan dengan akaun Netflix anda. Setelah selesai, semua tetapan sedia ada dan sejarah tontonan akaun Netflix anda akan dipindahkan. Jika anda seorang pelanggan Netflix baharu, cipta akaun baharu dengan mengisi alamat e-mel anda dan kata laluan untuk akaun Netflix baharu anda.
4. Pada skrin berikutnya, pakej Netflix "Standard" secara amnya akan dipaparkan. Anda boleh pilih untuk menaik taraf kepada "Premium" di sini.
5. Skrin terakhir menunjukkan ringkasan akaun anda termasuk e-mel anda. Klik Mula Tonton (start watching) untuk menikmati Netflix pada Ultra/Ulti Box anda.

Untuk pelanggan bukan Entertainment Plus, Premium 2, Premium 3, dan Platinum Pack (Pelanggan Netflix baharu)

1. Lancarkan Netflix daripada skrin halaman utama atau melalui alat kawalan jauh.
2. Klik 'Join Now'
3. Cipta akaun baharu dengan mengisi alamat e-mel anda dan kata laluan untuk akaun Netflix anda.
4. Skrin terakhir menunjukkan ringkasan akaun anda termasuk e-mel anda. Klik Mula Tonton (start watching) untuk menikmati Netflix pada Ultra/Ulti Box anda.

Nota: Pelan Netflix secara amnya akan ditetapkan kepada Premium, anda boleh memilih 'Tukar Pelan' untuk memilih plan 'Standard'.

Untuk pelanggan bukan Entertainment Plus Pack, Premium 2, Premium 3, and Platinum Pack (Pelanggan Netflix sedia ada)

1. Lancarkan Netflix daripada skrin halaman utama atau melalui alat kawalan jauh.
2. Klik 'Sign In'.
3. Jika anda seorang pelanggan Netflix sedia ada, sila isikan alamat e-mel dan kata laluan yang dikaitkan dengan akaun Netflix anda.
4. Anda boleh mula menonton Netflix pada Ultra/Ulti Box anda setelah anda log masuk.

Customers who subscribe to the HBO Max app as an ala carte add‑on via Astro after 1 March 2026 will have direct access to content such as HBO Originals, blockbuster movies, and exclusive series, all available via the app.

Jika perkhidmatan Astro anda digantung, langganan Disney+ anda akan dihentikan buat sementara waktu dan hanya akan disambung semula apabila perkhidmatan Astro anda dipulihkan.

Jika perkhidmatan Astro anda ditamatkan, langganan Disney+ anda melalui Astro juga akan ditamatkan secara automatik.

You can enjoy Prime Video benefits on Prime Video website and/or mobile app for 2 months once you have activated your Prime Video access anytime between 24 April 2025 – 23 June 2025.

Mesej ralat ini menunjukkan bahawa anda sedang menstrim Astro GO semasa VPN sedang aktif. Sila tutup aplikasi VPN anda dan cuba sekali lagi.

Sekiranya anda masih menghadapi masalah, sila buat laporan melalui WhatsApp atau Borang Maklum Balas.

SecureGo: Pemberitahuan pengesahan transaksi yang dihantar ke peranti berdaftar anda. Dengan SecureGo, anda boleh luluskan atau tolak transaksi dalam hanya beberapa saat.

WhatsApp OTP: OTP bermaksud 'One Time Password' iaitu WhatsApp nombor 6 digit yang dihantar ke nombor telefon anda untuk tujuan pengesahan.

Yes, you can watch content on up to 4 different devices simultaneously using the same account. You can have 4 logged-in devices and 4 profiles, allowing for 4 concurrent streams.

Customers without an Ultra or Ulti Box can still enjoy the HBO Max app on their smart devices (Android/ iOS) or by visiting

https://www.hbomax.com

. To enjoy HBO Max on the Ulti/ Ultra box, customers can upgrade to the Ulti/Ultra box. You can check your eligibility for a free box swap through the following methods:

1. Log in to the My Astro app.
2. Send a WhatsApp message with "Hi" to 03-9543 3838, select "Upgrade," and then select "Box Upgrade."

Anda akan dapat melihat pakej baharu anda dalam masa 24 jam selepas melanggan. Sila ambil perhatian bahawa sekiranya anda seorang pelanggan Astro yang melanggan saluran HD, anda perlu menyambungkan kabel HDMI ke TV anda sebelum anda boleh menikmati saluran tersebut.

Complimentary access to the Sun NXT Lite app is only available to Indian Favourites/Maharaja Pack customers. To get an access to Sun NXT Lite, you must be an existing Astro customer with a subscription to Indian Favourites/Maharaja Pack.

Anda boleh merakam cerita kegemaran anda, menyimpannya di storan rakaman awan and menonton di mana-mana peranti (Astro Box, Astro GO, Multiroom Smart TV).

Anda boleh melihat butiran langganan anda atau saluran dan pakej langganan semasa melakui

aplikasi My Astro

atau

laman sesawang My Astro

. Hanya log in ke akaun under dan click pada butang

Langganan

.

All streaming apps will be made available on the Ultra Box first, followed by the Ulti Box. If you would like to upgrade to the Ultra Box, please visit product.astro.com.my/tv or reach us via WhatsApp by typing “Hi” at 03-9543 3838 for assistance.

Yes, you can download selected content on the iQIYI app for offline viewing at a later time. To find the titles you have downloaded, you may go to Profile > My Downloads.

Below are the details of the Sun NXT pricing options for Astro customers.

SecureGo hanya boleh dipautkan kepada satu (1) peranti untuk setiap nombor Astro ID untuk tujuan keselamatan. Ini membantu mengelakkan penipuan berkaitan penjejasan nombor ID anda atau penggunaan peranti lain untuk mendaftarkan SecureGo dengan ID anda.

Sila abaikan peringatan jika bayaran telah dibuat dan periksa jika anda mempunyai apa-apa baki yang belum dijelaskan di Astro Quick Pay.

Prime Video is Amazon’s over-the-top (OTT) streaming and rental service that offers access to a wide range of content including, exclusive Amazon originals, blockbuster movies and hit shows.

Sila pastikan anda mengambil dekoder, piring satelit, Kad pintar, alat kawalan jauh dan semua peralatan lain selepas penanggalan dilakukan oleh juruteknik.

Ya, undang-undang cukai perkhidmatan semasa tidak mengecualikan perkhidmatan yang diberikan kepada pelanggan yang tinggal di Labuan, Langkawi, dan Tioman.

Sila naik taraf perisian Ultra/Ulti Box untuk menikmati Netflix di Ultra/Ulti Box anda. Untuk naik taraf, sila klik pada ikon aplikasi Netflix di halaman utama atau pergi ke CH741 untuk menaik taraf perisian. Klik Pasang (install) bila mesej naik taraf perisian dipaparkan. Ini akan mengambil masa kira-kira 20 minit dan selepas itu anda boleh mula menonton Netflix di Ultra/Ulti Box.

Ya, anda boleh membuat permohonan penamatan akaun, namun begitu caj prorata yuran pembatalan akan dikenakan berdasarkan baki kontrak.

Ya. Caj bagi langganan Disney+ anda akan bermula sebaik sahaja langganan tersebut berjaya ditambah pada akaun Astro anda, walaupun anda belum mengaktifkan atau menggunakan perkhidmatan Disney+.

FAQs: Netflix on Astro

1. What is Netflix?

Netflix is a streaming entertainment service that offers a wide variety of award-winning TV programmes, films, anime, documentaries and more - on thousands of internet-connected devices. There's always something new to discover, and more TV shows and movies are added every month. The more you watch, the better Netflix gets at recommending TV shows and movies you’ll love.

Astro customers with an internet-connected Ultra Box or Ulti Box canaccess the Netflix app and watch Netflix content via their Astro Box. For more information about Netflix, visit the Netflix website https://about.netflix.com/en

2. Which new pack comes with Netflix?

Any packages with Entertainment Plus, Movies Plus & Sports Plus will include Netflix. The default Netflix offering is Netflix Standard (2 screens and HD viewing) as part of your Entertainment Plus, Movies Plus and Sports Plus subscription. You can upgrade up to Netflix Premium (4 screens and 4K UHD viewing) at a price of RM 10 (inclusive of govt. tax).

Note: For the above subscriptions, you may use the email address used for your existing subscription with Netflix to activate and the future billing for Netflix will be transferred to your Astro bundle charges. For users that are billed for Netflix through Apple before joining the Astro bundle, remember to cancel your Apple billing arrangement after activating the Astro bundle else you may be double charged for your Netflix account.

If you do not have a bundle which includes Netflix, you may also add anew Netflix subscription to your Astro Bill for billing convenience.

3. How do I know if my new pack includes Netflix?

If Netflix is included as part of your Astro pack, you will find it in My Astro app called “Apps” where you will be able to manage all the streaming apps you are entitled to.

Netflix will also be included in your Astro bill under “MonthlyCharges”

If you have added Netflix to your bill (Netflix Add-on), the Netflix subscription charge will appear in your Astro bill under “One-time charges” as Netflix App Subscription or Netflix Premium and will be charged monthly. You should refer to Netflix account Management for any changes to your Netflix subscription or should you wish to change to other billing methods.

4. I signed up for the EntertainmentPlus / Movies Plus / Sports Plus pack that includes Netflix. How do I activate my Netflix account?

You should have received an email or SMS with your activation details, please click on the link provided to be redirected to the Netflix website to activate your account.

Alternatively, you can also activate Netflix on your Ultra/Ulti Box. Please surf to CH 741 on your Ultra/Ulti Box (or click the Netflix button on your Astro remote) and follow the instructions on the screen.

5. Will I be able to access Netflix on my Ultra/Ulti Box?

You will be able to access Netflix on your Ultra and Ulti Box. However, kindly note that if you have an Ulti Box with a Netflix Premium subscription, you will not be able to watch content in 4K UHD and Netflix Spatial Audio.

6. How do I change my Netflix plan or account information?

You can make changes to your Netflix plans that are included in your Bundle through My Astro app.

You can change your non Astro-bundled a-la carte Netflix plan at any time by signing into Netflix.com and visiting the Account page, then selecting Change Plan to view and select available plans.

7. How many devices can I access Netflix at once?

Customers with a Netflix Premium account are allowed to watch on up to 4 supported devices in 4K UHD and Netflix Spatial Audio. In addition, Netflix Premium subscribers are also allowed to download shows to watch offline on 6 devices at a time.

Netflix Standard account customers are allowed to watch shows in Full HD and download them to watch offline on up to 2 supported devices at a time.

On the other hand,Netflix Basic account customers are allowed to watch shows in HD and download shows for offline viewing on only 1 supported device at a time.

8. You can add a new Netflix account to your bill through CH 741 or clicking the Netflix button on the remote control. Please enter the email address you would like to use for Netflix subscription and ensure the Billing partner is Astro.

If you would like to transfer your existing Netflix Account to be charged under Astro bill, please follow the steps below:

- Cancel your existing subscription with Netflix

- Once the remaining duration of your existing subscription has ended, you may proceed to subscribe for Netflix via Astro bill

- To subscribe, go to CH 741 and enter the email address used for your previous subscription with Netflix

- Once successfully completed, all existing settings and watching history on your Netflix account will be brought over

9. I have added a Netflix account to my Astro bill. Do I need to perform any activation?

By adding a Netflix account to your Astro bill, your Netflix account is already activated. No additional steps for activation are required.

10. When I create a new Netflix account to link to my Astro Bill, will I lose all my current watching history in Netflix?

You may retain your watch history and settings of your existing Netflix account by using the same email of your Netflix account during the linking of your Netflix account with Astro.

11. I forgot my Netflix username or password. How do I find my username or reset my password?

If you have forgotten your username or password, you may follow the steps below:

Step 1. Go to netflix.com

Step 2:Click on Sign In

Step 3:Click on “Need Help” to reset password

12. I forgot which Netflix account is associated with my Astro Account. How do I find that out?

You can recover your Netflix login here or at astro.com.my/Netflix

Step 1:Head to astro.com.my/Netflix

Step 2: At the FAQ section look for “How to recover my Netflix login email and password”

Step 3: Login with Astro ID

Step 4:Proceed to Netflix.com for account recovery

13. What will happen to my Netflix account if I cancel my Astro service or change my Astro package?

If your existing Netflix account is linked with your Astro subscription, your Netflix account will resume on the previous method of payment. If you linked a new Netflix account with your Astro subscription, cancelling Astro service will also cancel your Netflix account.

14. What happens to my Netflix account if I move to a new address?

There will be no changes to your Netflix account when you move to a new address.

15. How do I cancel Netflix?

If you are subscribed to Netflix via a bundle, Netflix comes by default as part of your entitlement.

If you are subscribed to Netflix as an a-la carte, the cancellation of Netflix can only be done via Netflix’s Website, etc. This change will reflect in your next bill.

From mid-December 2021 you may also cancel Netflix add-on through Astro Call Center.

16. I would like to change the Netflix account linked to my Astro pack. What should I do?

Please visit http://help.netflix.com to call or start a live chat with Netflix’s customer support agents. You will be assisted to unlink your Netflix account from your Astro subscription. After the process, you may link another Netflix account to your Astro subscription.

17. Will Netflix be automatically added to my Astro subscription?

Astro subscribers will have the freedom to subscribe to Netflix via Astro, or they may also choose to continue subscribing via Netflix directly on their own.

18. Will Astro censor Netflix content?

Absolutely not. Astro wants to give our members the convenience of having all their favourite series, exciting originals, vernacular signatures, live sports and local blockbuster movies all in one place.

19. I have signed up for two (2) or more main Astro subscriptions bundled with Netflix. Will I be entitled for multiple Netflix subscriptions?

Yes. You are entitled to separate Netflix accounts for each main Astro subscription e.g. If you have subscribed to Entertainment Plus, Platinum Pack, etc separately. Therefore, if you have more than one main Astro subscription with Netflix, you may choose to create multiple email addresses to activate each respective Netflix subscription. Please follow the steps provided to you via email/SMS in order to activate your Netflix subscriptions on the website.

20. Why should I subscribe to a Netflix on Astro vs direct subscription via the Netflix app?

- With numerous OTT entrants, consumers are suffering from subscription fatigue. In fact, they are looking for a one stop shop platform where OTT services are integrated in one place.

- Astro offers flexibility and convenience with new packs where customers can get the convenience of accessing a variety of content via Ultra Box as the single remote-control solution.

- In addition, there will be cost savings for Astro customers to purchase both Netflix and Astro together. Even better deals are available if customers also subscribe to broadband for a better-connected experience.

Tiada perubahan pada akaun Netflix anda apabila anda bertukar ke alamat baharu.

Pelanggan Astro TV

Tidak, anda tidak perlu mengambil kontrak ;baharu selepas berpindah. Jika anda masih mempunyai kontrak sedia ada, kontrak akan diteruskan.

Pelanggan Broadband / IPTV

Ya, kontrak anda akan diperbaharui kepada kontrak baharu 24 bulan.

Ikuti langkah berikut untuk 'muat semula' atau 'refresh' smartcard anda melalui My Astro:

1. Buka/Muat turun My Astro app atau layari laman web My Astro web
2. Log masuk dengan Astro ID
3. Pergi ke Akaun
4. Tekan Langganan atau Pek TV
5. Tekan Bilik
6. Untuk smartcard Astro yang ingin dimuat semula, tekan butang 'Muat semula'. Ini akan muat semula isyarat kotak Astro anda

📡 Mengalami masalah teknikal?

📱 Muat turun aplikasi My Astro untuk:
- Lakukan penyelesaian masalah sendiri
- Selesai dalam beberapa minit
- Tak perlu hubungi khidmat pelanggan

Anda hanya perlu memulangkan Ultra dan Ulti Box bersama kad SIM. Alat kawalan jauh, kabel atau piring satelit tidak perlu dipulangkan dan boleh dihantar ke pusat kitar semula yang boleh di dapati di sini.

Berikut adalah beberapa cara anda boleh mencari Netflix pada Ultra Box:

• Akses Netflix pada Ultra/Ulti Box melalui Skrin Halaman Utama 'Home" dan pilih aplikasi Netflix daripada barisan Aplikasi.
• Klik butang "Netflix" jika ia terdapat pada alat kawalan jauh anda untuk melancarkan aplikasi Netflix terus daripada alat kawalan jauh tersebut.
• Buka saluran CH 741

PENTING! Jika anda mengakses Netflix pada Ultra/Ulti Box buat kali pertama, sila tunggu e-mel pengaktifan Netflix daripada Astro (ini boleh mengambil masa 10 minit) untuk aplikasi ditunjukkan dalam akaun anda. Jika anda melangkau tempoh 10 minit ini, anda mungkin akan dikenakan caj dua kali kerana mendaftar untuk Netflix secara salah menggunakan butiran kad kredit anda.

Dalam bil Astro pertama anda, bil bulan pertama akan ditolak sewajarnya tidak termasuk cukai. Anda masih perlu membayar amaun cukai penuh untuk bulan pertama anda mengikut bil bulan pertama anda.

Nota: Bayaran pendahuluan hanya dicaj untuk pembelian pek Astro TV. Jika anda melanggan pakej Astro Fiber + TV, hanya satu bulan yuran langganan TV anda (tidak termasuk cukai) perlu dibayar semasa mendaftar. Amaun cukai penuh dan yuran langganan bulan pertama untuk Astro Fiber akan dibayar pada bil bulan pertama anda.

Untuk pemasangan Ultra Plug & Play Box, anda disarankan untuk cuba memasangnya sendiri dengan mengikuti panduan pemasangan di sini, tapi ada pilihan untuk meminta pemasang untuk memasang kotak di tempat anda. Tapi, ada caj berasingan untuk permintaan perkhidmatan ini.

Ya, anda hanya memerlukan kelulusan sekali sahaja dan tidak memerlukan anda memohon setiap bulan.

Ya, anda boleh memulangkan peralatan Astro walaupun selepas dicaj untuk bayaran Astro Box.
Sila hubungi Astro untuk mengaturkan pengambilan semula peralatan. Perkhidmatan kurier akan menghubungi anda untuk aturkan masa bagi mereka mengambil peralatan Astro.

Selepas berjaya memulangkan Astro Box, Astro akan mengecualikan caj Astro Box dalam tempoh 30 hari dari tarikh pengesahan peralatan yang dipulangkan ke gudang Astro kami.

Ejen kurier kami akan mengemaskan peralatan untuk anda. Walau bagaimanapun, jika peralatan anda sudah dikemaskan, sila bungkus di dalam kotak/pembungkusan asalnya jika boleh. Jika pilihan ini tidak tersedia untuk anda, serahkan sahaja peralatan kepada perkidmatan kurier tanpa sebarang pembungkusan. Anda tidak akan dikenakan sebarang bayaran jika pembungkusan asal telah rosak/hilang.

If you see the error message "There is No Internet Connection" while using the Astro app on your Smart TV, please follow these troubleshooting steps:

1. Check Your Internet Connection

• Confirm whether your Smart TV is connected to the internet via Wi-Fi or a LAN (Ethernet) cable.

2. Check the LAN Cable Connection (if using Ethernet)

• Ensure the LAN cable is securely connected from the router's LAN port to the TV's LAN port.
• Verify that the LED indicator lights on both the router and TV network port are active.

3. Test the LAN Cable

• Connect the same LAN cable to another device (for example, a laptop or another Smart TV).
• Check whether the device can access the internet to confirm the cable is functioning properly.

4. Reconnect to Wi-Fi (if using Wi-Fi)

• Go to your TV's network settings.
• Select your home Wi-Fi network and choose Forget Network.
• Reconnect to the Wi-Fi network by entering the password again.

5. Check Other Devices

• Verify that other devices in your home (such as smartphones, tablets, or laptops) can connect to the same Wi-Fi network.
• If all devices are unable to connect, the issue may be with your internet service.

6. Restart Your Devices

• Turn off and restart the following devices:

• Router
• Modem (if applicable)
• Smart TV

• Wait a few minutes for the internet connection to stabilize.
• Launch the Astro app again and test the playback.

If you are still having issues, proceed to submit report via WhatsApp or Feedback Form and provide:

• Astro ID use
• Smart TV model
• OS version
• Error reported on device

This will help our support team investigate and assist you further.

Malangnya, ini bermaksud anda sedang menggunakan model TV yang tidak menyokong resolusi 4K UHD (Sony BRAVIA 4K GB, Sony BRAVIA 4K UR atau Sony BRAVIA VH).

Jangan risau, kami sedang bekerjasama dengan pasukan Sony untuk memastikan anda dapat menikmati saluran 4K UHD ini dalam masa terdekat. Kami akan memaklumkan kepada anda sebaik sahaja saluran-saluran ini tersedia.

4K content is currently not supported on the Ultra/Ulti Box. However, you can still enjoy Prime Video in 4K on compatible smart devices.

Sila rujuk di bawah untuk menyediakan Ultra Plug & Play Box anda;

Untuk sambung melalui kabel LAN;

1. Matikan Astro Box lama anda.

2. Untuk sambung Ultra Plug & Play Box anda melalui kabel LAN:

a. Cabut kabel LAN daripada Astro Box lama anda dan sambungkan kabel LAN kepada Ultra Plug & Play Box baharu anda.

i. Untuk pelanggan Maxis IPTV, pastikan hujung kabel LAN satu lagi disambungkan ke router anda.

ii. Untuk pelanggan IPTV TIME, cabut hujung kabel LAN yang sama daripada modem anda, sambungkannya ke mana-mana port LAN pada router anda. Pastikan bahawa anda tidak memasang semula kabel LAN anda ke dalam kotak yang sama.

Nota: Jika anda mempunyai modem dua dalam satu; router, anda boleh melangkau langkah ii).

Untuk menyambung melalui Wi-fi;

Cabut kabel LAN anda daripada Astro Box lama anda, dan jangan pasangkannya di Ultra Plug & Play Box baharu anda.