We provide one stop service to apply Astro and Broadband for you.
You can avoid driving and queuing at the sales counter. We are the dealer that can help you to handle your application from the beginning to the end.

We do not charge you when you apply from us. There is no credit card information required to apply here. Charges are the same as you apply from the sales counter.

First, you can apply online, we will get back to you immediately during business hour. WhatsApp/Email/Fax us your Photocopy of IC (for malaysian) / Passport (for foreigners). When we receive all the information, we will proceed with your application immediately.

Once we receive your application with complete information, we will process your application immediately during business hour. The contractor from the service provider will then contact you for installation appointment once your application is approved.

Enjoy greater savings and hassle-free bill payment in one single bill for both Astro and Broadband. You get to enjoy Astro and Broadband at discounted price every month over the contract period of 24 months.

Astro offers multiple TV packs including Entertainment, Sports, Movies and Kids options. You can choose a pack that matches your viewing preferences and add optional streaming apps where available.

Yes, you may subscribe to Astro TV packs without bundling broadband. However, bundling Astro TV with Fibre Broadband may provide better monthly savings and convenience with a single bill.

For small households with light streaming and browsing, 100Mbps is usually sufficient. Larger families, gamers or heavy streamers may benefit from 500Mbps or 1Gbps plans for smoother performance across multiple devices.

Most Astro TV and Fibre broadband plans come with a 24-month contract. Early termination charges may apply if cancellation is made before the contract ends.

Yes, you may upgrade your TV pack or broadband speed at any time, subject to eligibility and coverage. A new contract period may apply depending on the upgrade.

Your monthly bill will be issued directly by Astro. You may receive it via email or access it through your Astro account. Bundled customers will receive a single combined bill for TV and broadband services.

Payment methods may include online banking, auto debit, credit card or other approved payment channels provided by Astro. Our team can guide you during the registration process.

If you experience any service interruption, you may contact Astro customer support for technical assistance. In many cases, issues can be resolved remotely or a technician will be arranged if necessary.

Yes, relocation is subject to service availability at your new address. Relocation charges and contract adjustments may apply depending on your plan.

No, you do not need a credit card to submit your application. Payment setup will be arranged directly with Astro after your service is approved.

Selected Astro TV packs allow optional add-ons such as streaming services depending on current promotions and availability. Additional monthly charges may apply.

Yes, a WiFi router is typically provided during fibre installation. The router model may vary depending on the selected broadband speed plan.

Yes, we will check the service coverage at your address before proceeding with your application to ensure broadband is available at your location.

For Malaysians, please provide a copy of your MyKad. For foreigners, provide a copy of your passport when submitting your broadband application.

After your application is approved, the service provider typically contacts you within 2 to 7 working days to arrange the broadband installation appointment.

Most Astro Broadband plans come with a 24-month contract starting from your installation date. If you relocate, a new 24-month contract may apply at your new address.

Yes, you can relocate your broadband service, subject to service availability at the new address. Your contract may reset for another 24 months from the new installation date.

Yes, you may request to relocate broadband devices within your home. Non-standard installation charges may apply and are payable to the installer directly after assessment.

Yes, you can switch to Astro Broadband. To avoid service interruption, it is recommended to activate the new service before terminating your current broadband contract.

Standard installations may be free during promotions, but non-standard installations (e.g., device relocation or complex wiring) may incur extra charges payable directly to the installer.

Yes, if a device is faulty due to the customer's negligence, they will be subjected to a penalty fee for each device:

• WiFi router: RM200

• Fibre modem: RM500

• Mesh WiFi: RM200/unit

Currently the Multiroom (Smart TV) app is supported on four (4) brands with the software version listed below:

1. Sharp
2. Sony
3. LG
4. Samsung

We encourage you to upgrade your Astro experience by switching to our new packs to enjoy more choices, value and flexibility. Starting 9 November 2021, you would need to be subscribed to the new packages to make any changes to your subscription.

Astro Quick Pay is a convenient method to check your Bill Summary, Account Status and pay Astro bills at your convenience with immediate payment posting, right from home. Visit Astro Quick Pay to pay your bill now.

Any Astro GO compatible device (mobile/tablet/PC) and Multiroom Smart TV* compatible TVs will benefit from Astro GO+. 

Your current additional RM20 rebate will be removed. However, you will still get to enjoy the standard bundle rebate accordingly.  

1. Please ensure your modem and router power plugs are securely connected to the power socket.

2. Alternatively, try to connect the power plug to a different power socket or power source. This step is to eliminate the possibility of faulty power socket which could cause the issue.

3. If issue persists, submit your Feedback Form for further assistance.

No, there are no penalty fees for the Mesh WiFi devices should you wish to terminate Astro Fibre within/after 24 months. 

Multiroom (Smart TV) is a secondary subscription that allows you to enjoy your favourite Astro shows instantly in different rooms at the same time on your Smart TV. Subscribe to Multiroom (Smart TV) at RM29.99 per month (excl. any govt. tax), and simply download the Astro app on your second TV-screen and connect to your home Wi-Fi to stream.

Broadband Deal bundle are recommended packages offered to customers with higher rebate as compared to Broadband Non-Deal bundle.

STEP 1

Identify your remote control:

a)   Remote control with Astro logo at the bottom of the remote, proceed to STEP 2.

b)   Remote control with Astro logo at the top of the remote, proceed to STEP 4

‍

STEP 2 (Astro Logo at the bottom of the Remote)

On your remote, press the “set tv” button and set tv instructions will be displayed on top of your screen:

‍

STEP 3

Follow the steps appear on the TV screen to sync your Astro remote and complete the setup.

‍

STEP 4 (Astro Logo atthe top of the Remote)

Press and hold “tv input” key on bottom left of the remote for 3 seconds until the LED blinks twice.

STEP 5

Enter the 2-digit TV Code of your TV Brand and the LED will blink twice:

‍

STEP 6

Try out the TV controls (TV Standby or adjust Volume) to check if they are working correctly.

‍

STEP 7

Press ok and wait for the LED to blink twice to save the settings.

Tap on the "Account' screen on the navigation bar and scroll to the "Subscription' section. Tap on "TV Pack' to view your pack, box, multiroom, and Astro GO information.

Service will resume within 3 hours after payment is made.

There are 2 methods of setting maturity ratings restriction on Netflix: 

‍

Method 1 – Create a Kids Profile in Netflix App on Ultra/Ulti Box 

1. On the Netflix home menu, select “Switch Profile” 

2. Select Add Profile.  

3. Name the profile. 

4. Select Kids. Kids profiles have a logo 'Kids' on the profile icon so they are easy to identify.  

5. Select Continue. The new profile will show on the list of profiles on your account. 

‍

Method 2 – Manually set Viewing Restrictions for each profile 

1. Go to https://www.netflix.com/profiles/manage

2. Select a Profile. 

3. Under Maturity Settings, select Edit. 

4. Enter your Netflix password. 

5. You may select the desired Maturity Rating settings or add a particular title restrictions for the profile. 

6. Select Save. 

For more information kindly visit: 

• https://help.netflix.com/en/node/114275

• https://help.netflix.com/en/node/114276

Each Astro customer is entitled up to 4 smart devices to be registered including mobile, laptops, tablets and Smart TV per household.

If you have maximised the registered device, you will be able to see the list of all your current registered devices on your mobile screen. Please remove any one device to allow the current Smart TV device to be included.

Do note that only 1 Smart TV device is allowed at any point in time.

Step 1: Separate Your Wi-Fi Network Name

First, you need to set up your Wi-Fi to Dual-band in order to be less susceptible to interference, and allows you to choose between the 2.4GHz or 5GHz bands when connecting a device. A Wi-Fi frequency of 5GHz is best when you are near your router, and 2.4GHz is best for when you are far from your router.

• Check the bottom of your router for a website or IP address, username, and password.

Below are details for a standard login based on a standard router issued by ISP (Telekom Malaysia, Maxis, and Time dot Com)

• Login to your account
• Identify your Wi-fi Settings (This could be in advanced settings)
• Identify both the 2.4GHz and 5GHz options.
• Split the signals by renaming the 2.4GHz and 5GHz signals respectively, and make sure both are enabled.
• For detailed instructions based on router model, on how to separate your Wi-Fi, click here and choose the option according to your ISP and router brand.

Step 2: Factory reset your Ultra Box by following the steps below.

a. Press the Home button on your remote

b. Go to your settings page

c. Scroll down and select Reset/Restore

d. Select restore factory settings and proceed

e. Enter your PIN to access restore factory settings (default pin: 0000)

f. Choose restore and wait until the box reboots automatically. This may take around 2 minutes and you will see the Astro logo again when it's done.

Intermittent internet connection using LAN cable

Looks like there is something wrong with your service connection.

Please run a Ping Test, Traceroute Test and attach the picture or screenshot of both test results in the Feedback Form below, in order for us to provide further assistances.

Please ensure to attach the required screenshot(s) in ONE file (i.e. Microsoft Word document, PDF, Image file) before submitting the form.

Intermittent internet connection using Wi-Fi

1. Router Positioning
   Most people underestimate the importance of picking a good spot for a Wi-Fi router. Even a small shift in positioning could end up being the difference between day and night.
   
    i) High vs. Low
   Put the router as high up as possible to extend the broadcasting range of the radio waves. This also helps clear the router of possible interferences.
   
   ii) Concrete & Metals
   Make sure your router isn't blocked by any other objects, especially devices that are electronic. Also, avoid placing your router in your basement as this area is usually enclosed by a lot of concrete, which can be almost impossible for Wi-Fi signals to penetrate.
   
   iii) Distance to Router
   The further away from your router you get, the weaker the Wi-Fi signal. Therefore, the best option is to place your router as close to your devices as possible, but this is only practical if you have one main area where you tend to use your devices.
   
   Otherwise, you should place your router near the center of your home. After all, Wi-Fi broadcasts in 360 degrees, so it doesn't make sense to put it at one end of the house.
   
    

2. Wireless Interference & Noise
   You've probably never noticed but there are wireless signals all around you wherever you go and they're passing through you all the time. From where? Electronic devices, Wi-Fi routers, satellites, cell towers, and more.
   
   Although Wi-Fi is supposed to be on a different frequency than most of these devices, the amount of radio noise can still cause interference. Some common causes of interference include:
   i) Microwaves
   ii) Bluetooth Devices
   iii) Cordless Phone
    

3.  Surrounding Wi-Fi signals
   A truth of the modern world is that every household has their own Wi-Fi network, which can cause issues with channel  overlap. This can be somewhat problematic in a townhouse, but is especially problematic in housing complexes and apartments where there can be many  routers within close proximity. Which is why it's important that you pick a good channel in your router settings. Modern routers can choose channels for you automatically, but sometimes it's better to investigate and find the best channel yourself.

4. Usage
   More likely, however, is that the people on your network such as friends, roommates, or family members are participating in bandwidth-heavy activities like gaming and streaming Ultrabox/Netflix.
   Fortunately, if this is the case, you can prioritize your own network traffic by enabling Quality of Service in your router settings.

If the problem persists, please run a Ping Test, Traceroute Test and attach the picture or screenshot of both test results in the Feedback Form below, in order for us to provide further assistances.

Please make sure to attach the required screenshot(s) in ONE file (i.e. Microsoft Word document, PDF, Image file) before submitting the form.

Quick Info
A Ping Test shows how long it takes for packets to reach host.
A Traceroute Test traces the route of packets to destination host from our server.

If you would like to upgrade your pack to include Disney+ Hotstar Premium, please contact Astro Customer Contact Centre at 03 9543 3838. Alternatively, please WhatsApp Astro at 03 9543 3838 and type DH Help for further assistance. 

Do ensure that you are logging in with the correct Astro ID and password. If you are still unable to remember your password, please proceed to use the “forgot password” function to reset your password.  
 

If the issue persists, you may submit an enquiry through our feedback form here. Choose feedback type as “Technical issues” and the issue as “I have an enquiry/issue with Apps.” Then, select the app you’re having trouble logging into, and submit the form. We will get in touch with you within 48 hours.

Kindly note that you will need to link yourAstro ID with an active Astro subscription to use Astro GO, My Astro, and other partner apps that is included in your subscription. You may refer to the steps here on how to do this.

1. Via Television

    a) Ultra Box

• Press the “Home” button and scroll to “Settings” > “Wi-Fi/Ethernet” > “New Wi-Fi Connection”

• Allow the Ultra Box to scan the Wi-Fi networks available and subsequently choose your home Wi-Fi network > Enter your Wi-Fi password

• Once you are connected, your Home screen will now show “tabs” where you can now enjoy Video On Demand

‍

o  “Catch-up” missed episodes from ongoing programmes

o  Binge-watch full seasons from “Boxsets”

o  Choose the your favourites from “Movies”, “Kids” and more

‍

2. Mobile/Portable devices

(a)  Just head to the Google Play Store, Huawei App Gallery or Apple App Store here, search for “Astro GO” and download Astro GO on iOS and Android devices. Login to watch on demand and other ASTRO channels based on your subscription.

Please ensure that you have subscribed to the mentioned channel.
If you're subscribed to this channel, follow below steps.

STEP 1
You need to refresh the signal on your box.
Refer to Refresh signal of your box guide.

STEP 2
If issue persist after 30 minutes, proceed to submit report via WhatsApp or Feedback Form.

Of course not! It is a value-added service introduced for your convenience.

STEP 1
Switch off the power for your box and  make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2
Locate the Smartcard at the front or right side and gently pull it out make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 3
Wipe the Smartcard's gold chip clean using a dry soft cloth.

STEP 4
Make sure the gold chip is facing upwards and reinsert it all the way in.

STEP 5
Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on. Please wait for 5 minutes.

STEP 6
Turn on your box. You should no longer be experiencing this problem.
If issue persist, please submit the issue in our Feedback Form and attach a picture of your General tab of the STB Diagnostics  for assistance.

Surcharge is imposed by 3rd party payment collection partners for services rendered. Kindly note that customers may be charged a surcharge per transaction when bill payments are made via the following methods:-

Bill payments at selected petrol stations, convenience stores, retail/mobile shops, kiosk, and e-wallets may incur a surcharge of up to RM0.50 per transaction by the appointed collection agencies of RMS (formerly known as Razer/MOL), ATX, MobilityOne, and e-Pay.

·       To find out more on how to make your bill payments, click here.

My Astro is available on web browser and app. The app can be downloaded for free from the Google Play Store, Apple App Store or Huawei App Gallery.

For Ultra and/or Ulti box users, My Astro app is now added to the Top Menu so you can easily access it to manage or update your account. You may find it in the Top Menu, located next to Settings. Please refer to the image below to see what it looks like:

If Astro does not receive your payment by the stated due date, your service may be disrupted as our system will automatically suspend your account. If you then wish to reconnect your subscription account, a charge of up to RM42.40 (inclusive of SST) will be imposed upon reconnection.

Find out more about the reconnection fee here.

At this point in time, 4K UHD content from Disney+ Hotstar is not available on the Ultra or Ulti Box. We are working to enable this on the Ultra Box in a future update. 

Customers with a Netflix Premium account are allowed to watch on up to 4 supported devices in 4K UHD and Netflix Spatial Audio. In addition, Netflix Premium subscribers are also allowed to download shows to watch offline on 6 devices at a time.

Yes, you are eligible for selected bundle packages with rebates up to RM39/month and a free speed upgrade if you subscribe within the promotion period. Kindly note that monthly rebates are only available for Pay TV + Astro Fibre bundles but the speed upgrade is available for all packages including standalone plans.
 

Astro does not provide installment plan facilities. You are advised to pay your charges before the due date, as per your monthly bill statement.

Customers who subscribe to the Movies, Premium 1, Premium 3 or Platinum Pack will be able to access Disney+ Hotstar immediately and start streaming all their favourite Global, Regional and Malaysian hits upon activation. 

In the new bill layout, there are three tax indicators for customer to refer: S1 (8%), S2 (6%), and N (non-taxable item). Each item list will be marked in accordance with the tax indicator below:


 

Yes, you may upgrade to the Ultra Box if you are currently on the Entertainment or Movie Pack. If you are on the 500Mbps or 800Mbps plan, the upgrade will be free. However, a one-time fee of RM100 (excluding Govt. Tax) will apply if you are on the 50Mbps or 100Mbps plan. Please call or WhatsApp our Customer Contact Centre at 03-9543 3838 if you would like to make this upgrade. Please refer to the table below for the complete guide for Ultra Box upgrade:

Video On Demand is FREE* for all Astro customers with connected Astro boxes (Ultra Box, Ulti Box, HD-PVR &PVR boxes). Aside from our extensive library of more than 110,000 video, you can also enjoy blockbuster movies on a pay-per-view basis. 

‍Please note that your default pin is 0000 to make any purchases. 

‍*Entitlement is based on subscription package.

All existing or new Astro customers who meet the following criteria may upgrade to the Ultra Box:

1. Have an internet connection at home (recommended>10Mbps speed)
2. Maintain a minimum subscription with a HD + Recording service

If you live in a high-rise building, please call us at 03- 7481 8000 to check if your building can support the Ultra Box. If your high-rise building allows for the set-up of individual dishes you will be able to upgrade to the Ultra Box, subject to the criteria above.

If you would like to access our 4K UHD content via the Astro UHD channel 805 and UHD content on VOD, Astro Best and Astro First. We also recommend:

1. 4K UHD supported TV that is HDCP2.2 compliant
2. Internet connection of at least 30Mbps

Note: If you do not have an internet connection at home, you may take up the Ultra Box bundled with Astro™'s broadband package with rebates of up to RM30/month. For more details and to sign up for Astro & Broadband, please click here.

This change was made to ensure that all customers enjoy a better user experience on our platforms and are kept up to date with which email address and mobile number is linked to their account.

Step 1: Open your My Astro app

Step 2: Select "Astro Rewards"

Step 3: Scroll through your rewards to see what you're entitled to

Step 4: Select the rewards that take your fancy and follow the instructions stated on how to redeem them (redemption instructions may vary based on reward)

1. Unifi netis brand

The following shows an Interface based on Unifi router

1. Launch Web Browser and enter the default's gateway's IP address (192.168.1.1) in the address bar.

1. Enter Username and Password.
   1. Username = tmadmin
   2. Password = Adm@xxxx (xxxx refers to last four digits of MAC address)

1. Choose WLAN -> wlan0 (2.4GHz) Basic Setting. Note down on SSID.

1. Choose WLAN -> wlan1 (5GHz). Compare SSID with previous SSID.

1. If SSID for wlan0 (2.4GHz) and wlan1 (5GHz) are the same. Change wlan1 (5GHz) SSID by adding number 5(i.e. ifuni_5G) to differentiate from 2.4 GHz. Click Apply Changes.

Note: Connection to Wi-Fi may be temporarily loss while the changes is updated.

1. Router Positioning
   • Most people underestimate the importance of picking a good spot for a Wi-Fi router. Even a small shift in positioning could end up being the difference between day and night.
   • High vs. Low
     • Put the router as high up as possible to extend the broadcasting range of the radio waves. This also helps clear the router of possible interferences.
   • Concrete & Metals
     • ​Make sure your router isn't blocked by any other objects, especially devices that are electronic. Also, avoid placing your router in your basement as this area is usually enclosed by a lot of concrete, which can be almost impossible for WiFi signals to penetrate.
   • Distance to Router
     • ​ The further away from your router you  get, the weaker the Wi-Fi signal. Therefore, the best option is to place your router as close to your devices as possible, but this is only practical if you have one main area where you tend to use your devices.
     • Otherwise, you should place your  router near the center of your home. After all, WiFi broadcasts in 360 degrees, so it doesn't make sense to put it at one end of the house.
2. Wireless Interference & Noise
   • You've probably never  noticed but there are wireless signals all around you wherever you go and  they're passing through you all the time. From where? Electronic devices,  WiFi routers, satellites, cell towers, and more.
   • Although WiFi is  supposed to be on a different frequency than most of these devices, the  amount of radio noise can still cause interference. Some common causes of interference include:
     1. Microwaves
     2. Bluetooth Devices
     3. Cordless Phone
3. Surrounding Wi-Fi signals
   • A truth of the modern world is that every  household has their own WiFi network, which can cause issues with channel overlap. This can be somewhat problematic in a townhouse, but is especially problematic in housing complexes and apartments where there can be many  routers within close proximity.
   • Which is why it's important that you pick a good channel in your router settings. Modern routers can choose channels  for you automatically, but sometimes it's better to investigate and find the best channel yourself.
4. Usage
   • More likely, however, is that the people  on your network such as friends, roommates, or family members are participating in bandwidth-heavy activities like gaming and streaming Ultrabox/ Netflix.
   • Fortunately, if this is the case, you can prioritize your own network traffic by enabling Quality of Service in your router settings.

Some of our payment partners require payees to scan the barcode on the statement to make payment. Always bring your Astro bill statement when making payment over the counter.

Disabling band steering means that there will be two frequency bands available for the users - 2.4GHz and 5GHz.
 

Note: Band Steering is called Dual-band Combination in the router web interface.
 

1. Please connect your computer or laptop to your Astro Fibre router using LAN cable. Your LAN cable must be connected from the yellow port of Astro Fibre router (Any available port).
2. Once connected, open any web browser such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and etc.
3. On the address bar, type http://192.168.100.254 and below page will appear.

Login using your username and password if you have changed the router login setting. Otherwise, your default router login is as per below.

Username: user
Password: user
 

4. Once you have successfully logged in, the router's web-based setup page will appear.

5. At the top of the page, click Wi-Fi to configure the WiFi parameters.

6. Click on Dual-band Combination button to disable the Band Steering.

7. Set the Wi-Fi name and Wi-Fi Password for both 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands based on your preference. Then click "Apply" for the changes to take place.

8. Kindly ensure to reconnect your WiFi according your new WiFi name and password.

If you have more than one card registered for OTP payments, you will be asked to select the specific card to be used for that specific transaction.

Upon submitting your application, you will receive the eKYC link via SMS/email/astro.com.my to complete the eKYC verification within 3 days.

Please update your auto-debit payment details via My Astro Portal.

STEP 1    

Press "HOME" button on your remote control.

STEP 2    

Navigate to Settings and press "OK".

STEP 3    

Navigate to Installation Settings and press "OK".

STEP 4    

Enter your PIN to access this setting. (Default PIN is 0000).

STEP 5    

Navigate to Restore Factory Settings and press "OK".

STEP 6    

Navigate to Yes, continue and  press "OK" to  confirm your selection.    

Otherwise, navigate to No, go back to maintain the settings.

STEP 7    

Please reboot your box.

STEP 8    

New Installation Settings screen will appear.    

Click here to follow New Installation Settings guide.

We would recommend the following browsers for a smooth verification process:

• Google Chrome

• Microsoft Edge

• Mozilla Firefox

• Safari

1. Ensure power cable  is connected tightly.

2. Try to use another power socket /  power source to eliminate faulty power sockets/power sources which  could cause the issue.

3. If the issue  persists, submit your feedback form for further assistance.

Once you have received the eKYC link via SMS/email/astro.com.my, you can proceed to follow the instructions on the screen. You can check out the step-by-step image below for more info.

For MyKad/MyPR/MyTentera :

For Passport :

You need to identify your modem type by looking at the modem light indicator before proceeding with troubleshooting.

The type of modem is indicated as per below:

MODEM INDICATOR 1



MODEM INDICATOR 2




MODEM INDICATOR 3



BTS 1

1. Please power off your modem and router. (This is to refresh your modem and router performance)
2. Make sure the fibre cable from your wall socket to modem is securely connected.

3. Please ensure the LAN cable is securely connected from router to your devices (Astro Box/Laptop etc.)

Modem connection

   

Router connection



4. Now, power on modem and router, wait for 2 minutes to stabilise the devices after reboot. Your internet services should be restored.

5. If issue persists, please connect to our agent and attach your modem light indicator picture for further assistance.



BTS 2

1. Please power off your modem and router. 
    (This is to refresh your modem and router performance)

2. Make sure the fibre cable from your wall socket to modem is securely connected.



3. Please ensure both LAN cables on the Modem (LAN Port 2) and Router (Port 1) are properly connected.


Modem connection


   
Router connection


4. Power on your modem and router, wait for 2 minutes to stabilise the devices after reboot. Your internet services should be restored.

5. If issue persists, please connect to our agent and attach your modem light indicator picture for further assistance.



BTS 3

1. Please ensure your modem and router power plugs are securely connected to the power socket.



2. Alternatively, try to connect the power plug to a different power socket or power source. This step is to eliminate the possibility of faulty power socket which could cause the issue.

3. If issue persists, please connect to our agent for further assistance.

When you have reached the duration (years) needed for the upgrade, we will upgrade you into your new tier and your shiny new rewards will appear in the My Astro app. You are still eligible for all the rewards from previous tiers too.