
A free satellite TV service from Astro. Watch lifetime entertainment, news, learning & information and more.
Pictures for illustration only.
Enjoy free access to 15+ TV channels & 10+ radio channels.
* Subject to Astro terms & conditions.
Step-1 |
Step-2 |
Step-3 |
Choose a plan & sign-up online. |
Sit back & wait for installation. |
Enjoy your new Astro / Broadband! |

A free satellite TV service from Astro. Watch lifetime entertainment, news, learning & information and more.
Pictures for illustration only.
New decoder only without satellite dish & cabling. You must have Astro/Njoi satellite dish and cable installed and working properly.
Including installation.
New decoder complete with satellite dish & cabling.
Including installation.
Applying for
| Njoi Astro UniFi Maxis |
Find your answers here.
We provide one stop service to apply Astro and Broadband for you.
You can avoid driving and queuing at the sales counter. We are the dealer that can help you to handle your application from the beginning to the end.
We do not charge you when you apply from us. There is no credit card information required to apply here. Charges are the same as you apply from the sales counter.
First, you can apply online, we will get back to you immediately during business hour. WhatsApp/Email/Fax us your Photocopy of IC (for malaysian) / Passport (for foreigners). When we receive all the information, we will proceed with your application immediately.
Once we receive your application with complete information, we will process your application immediately during business hour. The contractor from the service provider will then contact you for installation appointment once your application is approved.
Enjoy greater savings and hassle-free bill payment in one single bill for both Astro and Broadband. You get to enjoy Astro and Broadband at discounted price every month over the contract period of 24 months.
Astro offers multiple TV packs including Entertainment, Sports, Movies and Kids options. You can choose a pack that matches your viewing preferences and add optional streaming apps where available.
Yes, you may subscribe to Astro TV packs without bundling broadband. However, bundling Astro TV with Fibre Broadband may provide better monthly savings and convenience with a single bill.
For small households with light streaming and browsing, 100Mbps is usually sufficient. Larger families, gamers or heavy streamers may benefit from 500Mbps or 1Gbps plans for smoother performance across multiple devices.
Most Astro TV and Fibre broadband plans come with a 24-month contract. Early termination charges may apply if cancellation is made before the contract ends.
Yes, you may upgrade your TV pack or broadband speed at any time, subject to eligibility and coverage. A new contract period may apply depending on the upgrade.
Your monthly bill will be issued directly by Astro. You may receive it via email or access it through your Astro account. Bundled customers will receive a single combined bill for TV and broadband services.
Payment methods may include online banking, auto debit, credit card or other approved payment channels provided by Astro. Our team can guide you during the registration process.
If you experience any service interruption, you may contact Astro customer support for technical assistance. In many cases, issues can be resolved remotely or a technician will be arranged if necessary.
Yes, relocation is subject to service availability at your new address. Relocation charges and contract adjustments may apply depending on your plan.
No, you do not need a credit card to submit your application. Payment setup will be arranged directly with Astro after your service is approved.
Selected Astro TV packs allow optional add-ons such as streaming services depending on current promotions and availability. Additional monthly charges may apply.
Yes, a WiFi router is typically provided during fibre installation. The router model may vary depending on the selected broadband speed plan.
Yes, we will check the service coverage at your address before proceeding with your application to ensure broadband is available at your location.
For Malaysians, please provide a copy of your MyKad. For foreigners, provide a copy of your passport when submitting your broadband application.
After your application is approved, the service provider typically contacts you within 2 to 7 working days to arrange the broadband installation appointment.
Most Astro Broadband plans come with a 24-month contract starting from your installation date. If you relocate, a new 24-month contract may apply at your new address.
Yes, you can relocate your broadband service, subject to service availability at the new address. Your contract may reset for another 24 months from the new installation date.
Yes, you may request to relocate broadband devices within your home. Non-standard installation charges may apply and are payable to the installer directly after assessment.
Yes, you can switch to Astro Broadband. To avoid service interruption, it is recommended to activate the new service before terminating your current broadband contract.
Standard installations may be free during promotions, but non-standard installations (e.g., device relocation or complex wiring) may incur extra charges payable directly to the installer.
No, customers are only allowed to choose ONE billing option (either Paper Bill or E-bill or SMS bill). However, customers who opted for Paper Bill will still be able to check their bills through Astro Self-Service Portal, IVR, Channel 200 and WhatsApp.
Astro continuously reviews its product propositions to ensure we can provide the best customer experience for all our subscribers. We have discontinued the 50% multiroom in order to allow our Astro subscribers with a subscription fee of RM100 or more to only pay a standard RM49.99 (with box setup) to enjoy the Multiroom experience on an Ultra or Ulti Box.
We apologise for any inconvenience.
Firstly, you would have to retrieve your email address/mobile number. Please follow the steps in Q7 in order to do so. Then, follow the steps in Q5 and Q6 to check or update your contact details. Please use your updated email address or mobile number as your Astro ID to log in moving forward.
Note: Only Astro customers whose Astro ID is linked to their subscription can retrieve their Astro ID this way. Otherwise, you would need to create a new Astro ID.
electronic Know-Your-Customer (eKYC) is an online process of identifying and verifying individual customers using electronic means. This enables a person to be an Astro customer anytime and anywhere, hassle-free and helps to secure your Astro account by protecting it from unauthorised usage.
No. If you are a non-Astro subscriber, you will still be able to create an Astro ID, but access and use of Astro's digital services will be limited. If you are an Astro subscriber, please link your Astro ID to your Astro account number to enjoy exclusive access to all of Astro's digital services.
Please follow the steps below to reset your password:
4K UHD offers 4 times the resolution of HDTV (4K UHD has 3840x2160 resolution with 8 million pixels compared to HD which has 1920x1080 with 2 million pixels), sharper detail, smoother lines and a richer colour palette, as well as a vibrant colour TV experience.
Customers on Ultra Box with Sports Pack can tune in to the Astro SuperSport UHD Channel (CH 805 and CH 806) for an exciting selection of Sports content such as the Premier League and the Spanish Primera Liga.
Customers on Ultra Box with Movies Pack and News & Documentaries add-on can stream some of the latest movies and documentaries respectively in UHD by pressing the “Home” button on your remote and exploring your choices at no additional cost.
In addition, customers can rent additional movies on top of their subscription and stream the latest and hottest 4K UHD Blockbuster movies, drama series and local movies, blockbuster movies in Ultra HD via Astro First Channel 480, and Astro Best Channel 481 and VOD titles in “Store”.
Please note that a standard rent rate applies for all these titles, to learn more about the pricing, head over to the FAQ section at www.astro.com.my/ultra
Connect your Ultra Box/Ulti Box today and get the full value for your subscription. We believe we can provide you the best entertainment experience in Malaysia, and it all starts with connecting your box to the internet.
Want to enjoy these features for free?
STEP 1
On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2
Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3
Scroll to Network Settings and press "OK". Select New Wi-Fi Connection and press "OK".


STEP 4
Select your Wi-Fi network and press "OK". Please enter the password to connect to your network.



STEP 5
You have successfully connected when this screen appears.

This error indicates that you have reached the maximum number of simultaneous video streams across devices for one (1) account. To stop seeing this error, please stop streaming on one of your other devices.
• If you have recently purchased your Astro pack or made any changes to your pack on or after 9th November you can stream on two (2) concurrent screens
• If you have not made any changes you can stream on four (4) concurrent screens.
If you are still having issues, proceed to submit report via WhatsApp or Feedback Form.
Please rest assured that streamingapps labelled with "coming soon"
will be available on Astro in the near future.Please visit product.astro.com.my/appsfor more information on the streaming apps available on Astro or follow oursocial media to get notified on latest launches.
Facebook: @Astro
Instagram: @astromalaysia
Twitter: @astroonline
Kindly take note that streaming appslabelled with “coming soon” will be made available on Astro once they areready. Astro reserves the right to delay or cancel streaming app launches, ifnecessary.
STEP 1
On your remote, press the HOME button.

STEP 2
Navigate to SETTINGS icon and press "OK".

STEP 3
Navigate to Manage Satellite Frequency and press “OK”.

STEP 4
Choose to Update Satellite Frequency and press “OK”.

STEP 5
Choose "Confirm" to continue Satellite Frequency Update and press “OK”.

STEP 6
Satellite Frequency Update progress screen will be displayed.
The updates will take approximately 20 minutes.

STEP 7
The status will be displayed once update is complete.

This change was made to ensure that all customers enjoy a better user experience on our platforms and are kept up to date with which email address and mobile number is linked to their account.
Unfortunately, your Disney+ Hotstar access with Astro will be terminated as well.
Only Visa, MasterCard, and American Express Credit Cards and Debit Cards issued by banks in Malaysia are accepted by Astro-owned payment channels. Official Astro payment partners may have different policies - please check with your preferred payment partner for the latest information.
Yes, you will enjoy an Ulti box when subscribing to Primary/Entertainment/ Movie Pack OR an Ultra box when subscribing to Sports/Sports+/Movies+/Premium 1/Premium 2/Premium 3/Platinum Pack.
You will get FREE installation for both Ultra/Ulti box upon signing up with Astro & Broadband.
Non-standard Broadband installation covers the scenario where additional cables and drilling is required to complete your Astro & Broadband installation or by installing the cable in the walls/ceilings. There are additional fees applied for the additional requirements as follows:

We wish to advise you to make your payment before the following month's bill is generated in order to avoid interruption in your viewing experience. Please note that to reconnect your subscription, there will be a charge of up to RM20 (excl. gov tax) upon reconnection, except for Commercial & Hotel customers.
Find out more about the reconnection fee here.
1. Tune to channel 200 - select on "MyAccount"

2. Select "View Channel Listing" and press "OK".
You may verify if your speed plan has been successfully upgraded during the installation process with your Astro installer before sign-off. If you would like to confirm the status of your speed upgrade after installation, you may contact Astro’s Contact Centre at 03-9543 1543 and an Astro agent will be available to assist you immediately.
You will be contacted by an Astro representative within two working days to advise you on the next course of action.
You may use the same feedback form and choose below options.
Category: I would like to request for refund
Sub Category: Request for Refund
Yes, eKYC verification is mandatory. In addition, this verification process helps to reduce manual handling of customer's personal information and secure against unauthorised usage.
Slow browsing using LAN cable
Looks like there is something wrong with your service connection.
Please run the Speed Test and attach the picture or screenshot of the speed test in the Feedback Form below, in order for us to provide further assistances.
Click here for Speed Test guideline.
Slow browsing using LAN cable
Looks like there is something wrong with your service connection.
Please run the Speed Test and attach the picture or screenshot of the speed test in the Feedback Form below, in order for us to provide further assistances.
Click here for Speed Test guideline.
Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access parameters, such as connection data rate.
Slow browsing using Wi-Fi
1. Router Positioning
Most people underestimate the importance of picking a good spot for a Wi-Fi router. Even a small shift in positioning could end up being the difference between day and night.
i) High vs. Low
Put the router as high up as possible to extend the broadcasting range of the radio waves. This also helps clear the router of possible interferences.
ii) Concrete & Metals
Make sure your router isn't blocked by any other objects, especially devices that are electronic. Also, avoid placing your router in your basement as this area is usually enclosed by a lot of concrete, which can be almost impossible for Wi-Fi signals to penetrate.
iii) Distance to Router
The further away from your router you get, the weaker the Wi-Fi signal. Therefore, the best option is to place your router as close to your devices as possible, but this is only practical if you have one main area where you tend to use your devices.
Otherwise, you should place your router near the center of your home. After all, Wi-Fi broadcasts in 360 degrees, so it doesn't make sense to put it at one end of the house.
2. Wireless Interference & Noise
You've probably never noticed but there are wireless signals all around you wherever you go and they're passing through you all the time. From where? Electronic devices, Wi-Fi routers, satellites, cell towers, and more.
Although Wi-Fi is supposed to be on a different frequency than most of these devices, the amount of radio noise can still cause interference. Some common causes of interference include:
3. Surrounding Wi-Fi signals
A truth of the modern world is that every household has their own Wi-Fi network, which can cause issues with channel overlap. This can be somewhat problematic in a townhouse, but is especially problematic in housing complexes and apartments where there can be many routers within close proximity.
Which is why it's important that you pick a good channel in your router settings. Modern routers can choose channels for you automatically, but sometimes it's better to investigate and find the best channel yourself.
4. Usage
More likely, however, is that the people on your network such as friends, roommates, or family members are participating in bandwidth-heavy activities like gaming and streaming Ultra box/ Netflix.
Fortunately, if this is the case, you can prioritize your own network traffic by enabling Quality of Service in your router settings.
If the problem persists, please run a Ping Test, Traceroute Test and attach the picture or screenshot of both test results in the Feedback Form below, in order for us to provide further assistances.
Please make sure to attach the required screenshot(s) in ONE file (i.e. Microsoft Word document, PDF, Image file) before submitting the form.
Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access parameters, such as connection data rate.
A Ping Test shows how long it takes for packets to reach host.
A Traceroute Test traces the route of packets to destination host from our server.
Photograph or scan your payment receipt, and send it to one of our contact platforms found here.
You can track your ticket status by contacting us via WhatsApp or call us at 03-9543 3838.
1. Power reset (on & off) your TV, Astro Decoder, Modem and Router.
2. Ensure standard physical connection (No 3rd party devices connected to decoder and modem).
3. Please ensure at all-time your router is 0.5 meter away from your Astro Decoder to avoid signal interferences.
4. Please standby computer/laptop to access to the internet and connection must be via LAN (cable) [connect the LAN (cable) at any LAN port at router and direct to computer/laptop].
5. You may open any web browser such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and etc.
6. On the address bar, please go to http://www.speedtest.net/ and below page will appear.

7. Click "Change Server" to edit the settings preferred by Internet Service Provider (ISP).

8. Edit the server settings by search and select the required server required by ISP.
For Maxis provider - Select Subang Jaya - Maxis server.
For TIME provider - Select Shah Alam - TIME dotcom Bhd server.
For Allo provider - Select Cyberjaya - Global Forway Sdn Bhd server.

9.Click "GO", and the test will begin.

The test is completed once both download and upload speeds are displayed.
Sample of the Speedtest result is shown below.

**Please ensure the snapshot includes a time stamp and network used either LAN cable or wireless (as per picture above)
10. Kindly screenshot or take a picture of the result, name it as "LAN Speedtest".
11. Repeat the test once again using Wi-Fi connection (Please unplug your LAN cable and connect via wireless connection using your SSID).
12. Screenshot or take a picture of the result, name it as "WiFi Speedtest".
For customers whose sign-up speed is 50Mbps, 100Mbps or 500Mbps, you will get to enjoy your upgraded speed of 100Mbps/500Mbps/800Mbps for 24 months.
No. However, if you cancel your Astro Pay TV services but resubscribe at a later date, your duration (year) with us will reset to zero and restart according to your new activation date. Your Astro Rewards tier will reset to Magenta.
The speeds shown under “My Network Map†are the WiFi speeds of your connected devices based on factors such as signal strength, distance of devices from your router, obstructing objects etc. This function allows users to know the signal strengths achievable from every room in their house or any distance from their router, giving users accurate indication If additional mesh is needed or if the placement of their router requires adjustment.
However, the speeds shown under “My Devices†are the recent WiFi consumption of your connected devices, which allows you to monitor every user’s internet consumption in your household.
Astro customers are entitled to a two (2) years manufacturer warranty and Installation warranty. During this period, after-sales service is free of charge. However, when your warranty period is over, all after-sales service is subject to a minimal service charge starting from RM65 inclusive of 8% Service Tax.
Other Decoders/Ultra Box Without contract:
Astro customers are entitled to a one (1) year manufacturer warranty and (6) months Installation warranty. During this period, after-sales service is free of charge. However, when your Installation warranty period is over, all after-sales service is subject to a minimal service charge starting fromRM65 inclusive of 8% service tax.
STEP 1
On your remote, press the HOME button.

STEP 2
Navigate to SETTINGS icon and press "OK".

STEP 3
Navigate to Manage Satellite Frequency and press “OK”.

STEP 4
Choose Test Satellite Frequency and press “OK”.

STEP 5
Choose "Confirm" to continue Test Satellite Frequency and press “OK”.

STEP 6
Satellite Frequency Test progress screen will be displayed.

STEP 7
The test result will be displayed once completed.

1. Ensure power cable is connected tightly.
2. Try to use another power socket / power source to eliminate faulty power sockets/power sources which could cause the issue.

3. If the issue persists, submit your feedback form for further assistance.
Please refer to the Welcome Card inside the Plug & Play Box package and scan the QR code. You may choose to watch either the self-installation video or the Augmented Reality (AR) Installation Video to activate your Plug & Play Box. You can also download the Installation Guide from the Astro Get Started Page.
Please install and activate your Plug & Play Box within 7 days of receiving your Plug & Play Box and Astro SIM card. If you are unable to activate your Plug & Play Box within 7 days, the Plug & Play Box will be automatically activated by Astro on the 8th day.
The billing and warranty of the Plug & Play Box shall begin on the same date of which the Plug & Play Box is activated.
In the event that you have ordered more than one (1) Plug & Play Box, please refer to the Astro SIM card letter (included with the Astro SIM card delivery) to match the right Astro SIM card to the respective Plug & Play Box. Each Astro SIM card has been paired with a specific Plug & Play Box, thus the correct matching of box and SIM card is required for it to work properly.
STEP 1
On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2
Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3
Navigate to Subtitles and press "OK".

STEP 4
Navigate to your preferred selection and press "OK".

Yes, you may still watch CH550 Love Nature and CH811 Astro SuperSport which offers the same content/programmes, but in HD resolution. Kindly note that CH811 Astro SuperSport is only available for customers on the Sports, Sports Plus, Premium 1, Premium 2, Premium 4, Platinum Lite and Platinum Packs.
STEP 1
On your remote, press the “HOME” button and the home menu will be displayed at the bottom of your screen.

STEP 2
Navigate to SETTINGS and press “OK”.

STEP 3
Navigate to STB DIAGNOSTICS and press “OK”.

STEP 4
Refer to the signal strength % shown on the top left of your screen.

You will be able to view your new package(s) within 24 hours of subscribing. Please note that if you are an Astro customer subscribing to HD channels, you will have to connect an HDMI cable to your TV before you will be able to enjoy the channels.
Currently, this change affects SMS bills only. Other SMSs such as (but not limited to) bill reminders, payment notifications, promotional SMSs or technical appointment reminders will still be sent to you if applicable.





Option 1
Modem connection

Router connection


3. Please make sure the LAN cable is connected properly from router (Port 1-4 - LAN port) to PC/ Laptop.
4. If you have change the password in Selfcare Time portal recently, please change the router configuration follows the new password made in Selfcare, but if you didn't make any changes, please go to Step 5.
5. If the issue persists, submit your feedback form and attach your modem light indicator picture/video for further assistance.
Option 2/ Option 3
Modem Connection

Router Connection


5. Make Sure both cables on Modem (LAN Port 4/ LAN Port 3 for second decoder) and Astro Decoder (Network Port) are properly inserted.


6. Switch on modem and router and please wait for 2 minutes to stabilise the devices after reboot.
5. If the issue persists, submit your feedback form and attach your modem light indicator picture/video for further assistance.
Option 4
1. Ensure Modem/Router are connected tightly to the power socket.

2. Try to use another power socket / power source to eliminate faulty power sockets/power sources which could cause the issue.
3. If the issue persists, submit your feedback form for further assistance.
Option 5
1. Please ensure LAN cable is directly connected to modem port LAN 1.

2. Please use different LAN port if LAN 1 port is still off / not working.
3. If the issue persists, submit your feedback form for further assistance.
Unfortunately, you will no longer be able to access Disney+ Hotstar via Astro if you cancel your Astro subscription with Disney+ Hotstar entitlement.
STEP 1
On your remote, press the Home button and the Home Page will be displayed on your screen.
STEP 2
Navigate to Profile.
STEP 3
The Profile Selection Screen will be displayed. 
STEP 4
Navigate to Edit Profile.
STEP 5
Choose a profile to edit.
STEP 6
Choose a new Profile Picture and press “OK”.
You may click here to Login and proceed to secure your Astro ID by linking it to your Astro account. If you do not have an Astro ID, please follow the steps in below to create one. You may also choose to log in or create Astro ID with your social accounts (eg. Facebook, Google and Apple).


Yes, customers will be charged 8% Service Tax on switching fee for any services rendered on or after 1st March 2024.
STEP 1
Switch off the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2
Locate the SIM card at the left side and gently pull it out.

STEP 3
Wipe the SIM card's gold chip clean using a dry soft cloth.

STEP 4
Make sure the gold chip is facing down and reinsert it all the way in.

STEP 5
Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on.
Please wait for 5 minutes.

STEP 6
Turn on your Ultra Box. You should no longer be experiencing this problem.

If issue persist, please submit the issue in our Feedback Form with the error details and provide sim card number for assistance.
Slow browsing using LAN cable
Looks like there is something wrong with your service connection.
Please run the Speed Test and attach the picture or screenshot of the speed test in the Feedback Form below, in order for us to provide further assistances.
Click here for Speed Test guideline.
Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access parameters, such as connection data rate.
Slow browsing using Wi-Fi
1. Router Positioning
Most people underestimate the importance of picking a good spot for a Wi-Fi router. Even a small shift in positioning could end up being the difference between day and night.
i) High vs. Low
Put the router as high up as possible to extend the broadcasting range of the radio waves. This also helps clear the router of possible interferences.
ii) Concrete & Metals
Make sure your router isn't blocked by any other objects, especially devices that are electronic. Also, avoid placing your router in your basement as this area is usually enclosed by a lot of concrete, which can be almost impossible for Wi-Fi signals to penetrate.
iii) Distance to Router
The further away from your router you get, the weaker the Wi-Fi signal. Therefore, the best option is to place your router as close to your devices as possible, but this is only practical if you have one main area where you tend to use your devices.
Otherwise, you should place your router near the center of your home. After all, Wi-Fi broadcasts in 360 degrees, so it doesn't make sense to put it at one end of the house.
2. Wireless Interference & Noise
You've probably never noticed but there are wireless signals all around you wherever you go and they're passing through you all the time. From where? Electronic devices, Wi-Fi routers, satellites, cell towers, and more.
Although Wi-Fi is supposed to be on a different frequency than most of these devices, the amount of radio noise can still cause interference. Some common causes of interference include:
i) Microwaves
ii) Bluetooth Devices
iii) Cordless Phone
3. Surrounding Wi-Fi signals
A truth of the modern world is that every household has their own Wi-Fi network, which can cause issues with channel overlap. This can be somewhat problematic in a townhouse, but is especially problematic in housing complexes and apartments where there can be many routers within close proximity.
Which is why it's important that you pick a good channel in your router settings. Modern routers can choose channels for you automatically, but sometimes it's better to investigate and find the best channel yourself.
4. Usage
More likely, however, is that the people on your network such as friends, roommates, or family members are participating in bandwidth-heavy activities like gaming and streaming Ultrabox/ Netflix.
Fortunately, if this is the case, you can prioritize your own network traffic by enabling Quality of Service in your router settings.
If the problem persists, please run a Ping Test, Traceroute Test and attach the picture or screenshot of both test results in the Feedback Form, in order for us to provide further assistances.
Please make sure to attach the required screenshot(s) in ONE file (i.e. Microsoft Word document, PDF, Image file) before submitting the form.
Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access parameters, such as connection data rate.
A Ping Test shows how long it takes for packets to reach host.
A Traceroute Test traces the route of packets to destination host from our server.
STEP 1
Switch off the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2
Locate the SIM card at the left side and gently pull it out.

STEP 3
Wipe the SIM card's gold chip clean using a dry soft cloth.

STEP 4
Make sure the gold chip is facing down and reinsert it all the way in.

STEP 5
Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on.
Please wait for 5 minutes.

STEP 6
Turn on your box. You should no longer be experiencing this problem.

If issue persist, please submit the issue on our Feedback Form with the error details and provide sim card number for assistance.
Please fill up the forms below for processing your request:
Transfer of Equiment Ownership Form
The Liga Malaysia will be available for all Astro customers starting 3 May 2024 as part of your Astro subscription at no additional cost until further notice.
Astro Fibre subscription also comes with a 24-month contract commitment and will NOT be auto renewed at the end of contact period.