We provide one stop service to apply Astro and Broadband for you.
You can avoid driving and queuing at the sales counter. We are the dealer that can help you to handle your application from the beginning to the end.

We do not charge you when you apply from us. There is no credit card information required to apply here. Charges are the same as you apply from the sales counter.

First, you can apply online, we will get back to you immediately during business hour. WhatsApp/Email/Fax us your Photocopy of IC (for malaysian) / Passport (for foreigners). When we receive all the information, we will proceed with your application immediately.

Once we receive your application with complete information, we will process your application immediately during business hour. The contractor from the service provider will then contact you for installation appointment once your application is approved.

Enjoy greater savings and hassle-free bill payment in one single bill for both Astro and Broadband. You get to enjoy Astro and Broadband at discounted price every month over the contract period of 24 months.

Astro offers multiple TV packs including Entertainment, Sports, Movies and Kids options. You can choose a pack that matches your viewing preferences and add optional streaming apps where available.

Yes, you may subscribe to Astro TV packs without bundling broadband. However, bundling Astro TV with Fibre Broadband may provide better monthly savings and convenience with a single bill.

For small households with light streaming and browsing, 100Mbps is usually sufficient. Larger families, gamers or heavy streamers may benefit from 500Mbps or 1Gbps plans for smoother performance across multiple devices.

Most Astro TV and Fibre broadband plans come with a 24-month contract. Early termination charges may apply if cancellation is made before the contract ends.

Yes, you may upgrade your TV pack or broadband speed at any time, subject to eligibility and coverage. A new contract period may apply depending on the upgrade.

Your monthly bill will be issued directly by Astro. You may receive it via email or access it through your Astro account. Bundled customers will receive a single combined bill for TV and broadband services.

Payment methods may include online banking, auto debit, credit card or other approved payment channels provided by Astro. Our team can guide you during the registration process.

If you experience any service interruption, you may contact Astro customer support for technical assistance. In many cases, issues can be resolved remotely or a technician will be arranged if necessary.

Yes, relocation is subject to service availability at your new address. Relocation charges and contract adjustments may apply depending on your plan.

No, you do not need a credit card to submit your application. Payment setup will be arranged directly with Astro after your service is approved.

Selected Astro TV packs allow optional add-ons such as streaming services depending on current promotions and availability. Additional monthly charges may apply.

Yes, a WiFi router is typically provided during fibre installation. The router model may vary depending on the selected broadband speed plan.

Yes, we will check the service coverage at your address before proceeding with your application to ensure broadband is available at your location.

For Malaysians, please provide a copy of your MyKad. For foreigners, provide a copy of your passport when submitting your broadband application.

After your application is approved, the service provider typically contacts you within 2 to 7 working days to arrange the broadband installation appointment.

Most Astro Broadband plans come with a 24-month contract starting from your installation date. If you relocate, a new 24-month contract may apply at your new address.

Yes, you can relocate your broadband service, subject to service availability at the new address. Your contract may reset for another 24 months from the new installation date.

Yes, you may request to relocate broadband devices within your home. Non-standard installation charges may apply and are payable to the installer directly after assessment.

Yes, you can switch to Astro Broadband. To avoid service interruption, it is recommended to activate the new service before terminating your current broadband contract.

Standard installations may be free during promotions, but non-standard installations (e.g., device relocation or complex wiring) may incur extra charges payable directly to the installer.

STEP 1

Switch off the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2

Locate the SIM card at the left side and gently pull it out.

STEP 3

Wipe the SIM card's gold chip clean using a dry soft cloth.

STEP 4

Make sure the gold chip is facing down and reinsert it all the way in.

STEP 5

Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on.

Please wait for 5 minutes.

STEP 6

Turn on your Ultra Box. You should no longer be experiencing this problem.

If issue persist, please submit the issue on our Feedback Form with the error details and provide sim card number for assistance.

Please note that only one Disney+ Hotstar access is bundled to each TV Pack subscription which allows two concurrent streams on Disney+ Hotstar. 

You may visit any of Astro's digital platform that you would like to log into. Then, create a new Astro ID using your existing email address or mobile number. After creating your new Astro ID, please use it to log into our digital platforms moving forward.

Astro offers 3 different after-sales service that is made available to the customers:

(1)  Express (RM75)

(2)  Same Day (RM70) 

(3)  Regular (RM65) 

‍

***Price is inclusive of 6% Service Tax.

STEP 1

On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2

Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3

Navigate to Standby Mode and press "OK".

STEP 4

Navigate to your preferred selection and press "OK".

STEP 5

Navigate to Save and press "OK" to confirm your selection.

Depending on your service, it is mandatory to return some devices as per our T&Cs, whilst other devices should be disposed of and recycled at collection centres registered under the Department of Environment. To find out what you should do with your devices after service termination, please click here.

Astro is continuously improving our user interface and introducing new features to our platforms to ensure that your Astro experience is more seamless, efficient and user-friendly.

For details on our latest interface, Picture-in-Picture mode and auto-start interactive mode on Astro GO, please click here.

In addition, we have also recently introduced a new look to the Title Information Page, the ability to disable the Profile Selection Screen and adjustable auto-standby timing. For more information, please click here.

Broadband Deal bundle are recommended packages offered to customers with higher rebate as compared to Broadband Non-Deal bundle.

Liga Malaysia is available for all customers with a HD enabled box including Zapper, DMT5, Ulti Box and Ultra Box.

STEP 1  

On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2    

Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3  

Navigate to STB Diagnostics and press "OK".

STEP 4    

Select Network Diagnostics and press "OK".

STEP 5  

Details information of Network Diagnostics screen will be displayed.

Yes, the monthly subscription fee will be prorated into your Astro bill.

For self-installation, in your first bill upon activation of your Plug& Play Box, the activation fee will be included as a separate line item in your bill alongside the subscription fee.

If you choose to install the Plug & Play Box via installer, you can pay the installation fee and activation fee directly to the installer upon installation. This will be reflected in your next bill itemised as setup fee.

A deposit of RM500 is payable for new subscribers (non-Malaysians). The fee will be refunded when service is terminated.

No deposit is required for all existing Astro customers and new subscribers (Malaysians).

-The Mesh unit can only be used indoors. It can be mounted onto a wall or be placed horizontally on a desktop. Do not install it in other mode, such as on the ceiling.

-Keep a clearance of at least 10 cm around the device to ensure proper ventilation.

-Keep the device away from electrical appliances that generate strong magnetic or electric fields, such as microwave ovens.

By keying in the 10-digit account number, Astro will be able to provide better self-service options, as it allows Astro to customise automation options based on the needs of each customer's account.

If you would like more information or to provide feedback, kindly log in to our support page via support.astro.com.my. For more questions regarding Astro Pack, you may reach out to us via call at 03-7481 1000 (Monday to Friday, 9AM – 6PM exclude public holidays).
 

Please follow the steps below to reset your password:

If you're trying to visit a website and it won't load, but others do, there could be a variety of causes. If the site itself is down, there's not much you can do but wait.

If you can load the site on other computers or devices (make sure you try different means of connecting to the internet), there may be an issue with your computer or network.

There are some quick fixes that will solve most problems, but you may have to get your hands a little dirty.

1. Try  loading the site on a different device.

  Try loading the website on your phone or on another computer. If the website loads on the other device, the problem lies with your computer.

  If the website doesn't load on another device, the problem is either with the network or the website itself.

2. Restart your computer.

  Oftentimes, a simple reboot will fix the problem you're having. Reboot your computer and test the website again.

3. Try loading the site in a different browser.

  There may be some settings configured incorrectly on your browser. Try a different web browser to see if you can load the website.

4. Temporarily disable your antivirus program.

  Your antivirus software may be interfering with your ability to load certain websites.

  Try disabling the software and then loading the site again. Make sure you enable it again once you have identified the problem.

5. Reset  your modem and router.

  Traffic to or from a certain website may be getting tripped up by your modem or router. Resetting these devices may allow you to access the website again.

6. Check  your computer's date and time settings.

  If your date or time is set incorrectly, you may not be able to connect to secure (https://) websites.

  Check your computer or mobile device's clock to make sure that it is set to the correct time and date.

In the  event the problem persists, please provide below details for further  escalation:

  i. List of websites effected.          

  ii. Run the Speed Test via LAN (cable) and Wi-Fi connection - Please click here for Speed Test guideline.  

  iii. Run the Traceroute Test - Please click here for Traceroute Test guideline.          

  iv. Run the Ping Test -  Please click here for Ping Test guideline.

 Once you've gathered all the results, kindly send them all through the Feedback Form below.

Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access parameters, such as connection data rate.
A Ping Test shows how long it takes for packets to reach host.
A Traceroute Test traces the route of packets to destination host from our  server.

Your account number will be used to identify/verify you for all After Sales-Services. You may also use your mobile number/ Astro smart card number/ NRIC number or Astro Box number.

Please use your Astro ID that was registered with your Astro Fibre subscription to log in to the Astro Fibre App.

electronic Know-Your-Customer (eKYC) is an online process of identifying and verifying individual customers using electronic means. This enables a person to be an Astro customer anytime and anywhere, hassle-free and helps to secure your Astro account by protecting it from unauthorised usage.

Yes, you may cancel your Astro Fibre order before service activation, however, kindly note that there is a cancellation charge of RM212 (inclusive of SST) for any service cancellation done 48 hrs before scheduled appointment.

Your existing offers with us will not be affected and will continue until the agreed upon date. 

Do ensure that you are logging in with the correct Astro ID and password. If you are still unable to remember your password, please proceed to use the “forgot password” function to reset your password.  
 

If the issue persists, you may submit an enquiry through our feedback form here. Choose feedback type as “Technical issues” and the issue as “I have an enquiry/issue with Apps.” Then, select the app you’re having trouble logging into, and submit the form. We will get in touch with you within 48 hours.

Kindly note that you will need to link yourAstro ID with an active Astro subscription to use Astro GO, My Astro, and other partner apps that is included in your subscription. You may refer to the steps here on how to do this.

Astro & Broadband offers Astro content with Astro Fibre, Maxis Fibre Broadband and Allo City Broadband for customers to enjoy the best entertainment through Astro while staying connected with high-speed internet.

With the current Astro & Broadband plans, customers will enjoy substantial savings by choosing their desired broadband speed from 30Mbps - 800Mbps to accompany their Astro packages.

Yes, customers will be charged a fixed Paper Bill Fee of RM10.00 per bill every month for each account.

This Service Tax is imposed on customers of Pay TV broadcasting services by the Government. As such the Service Tax will be passed on to the customers.
 

STEP 1

Switch off the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is off.

STEP 2

Locate the SIM card at the left side and gently pull it out.

STEP 3

Wipe the SIM card's gold chip clean using a dry soft cloth.

STEP 4

Make sure the gold chip is facing down and reinsert it all the way in.

STEP 5

Switch on the power for your box and make sure that the adapter's power light is on.

Please wait for 5 minutes.

STEP 6

Turn on your Ultra Box. You should no longer be experiencing this problem.

If issue persist, please submit the issue in our Feedback Form with the error details and provide sim card number for assistance.

To reconnect your Astro account, please check your Account status, Bill Summary and pay on Astro Quick Pay. Your disconnected services will resume within 1 hour after you have paid your "Total Overdue Charges"

‍

1. Please connect your computer or laptop to your Astro Fibre router using WiFi or LAN cable. Your LAN cable must be connected from the yellow port of Astro Fibre router (Any available port).

2. Once connected, open any web browser such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and etc.

3. On the address bar, type http://192.168.100.254 and below page will appear.

‍

Login using your username and password  if you have changed the router login setting. Otherwise, your default router  login is as per below.          

Username: user
Password: user

‍

4. Once you have successfully logged in, the router's web-based setup page will appear.

‍

5. At the top of the page, click WLAN to configure the WiFi parameters.

‍

6. You may change the Primary SSID (WiFI Name) and the WPA Passphrase (WiFi Password) to follow your preferences for 2.4G Wi-Fi Settings, then click "Save & Apply" for the changes to take place.

‍

7. You may make the same changes for 5G Settings by change the Primary SSID (WiFI Name) and the WPA Passphrase (WiFi Password) to follow your preferences, then click "Save & Apply" for the changes to take place.

Video On Demand is FREE* for all Astro customers with connected Astro boxes (Ultra Box, Ulti Box, HD-PVR &PVR boxes). Aside from our extensive library of more than 110,000 video, you can also enjoy blockbuster movies on a pay-per-view basis. 

‍Please note that your default pin is 0000 to make any purchases. 

‍*Entitlement is based on subscription package.

If you're trying to visit a website and it won't load, but others do, there could be a variety of causes. If the site itself is down, there's not much you can do but wait.

If you can load the site on other computers or devices (make sure you try different means of connecting to the internet), there may be an issue with your computer or network.

There are some quick fixes that will solve most problems, but you may have to get your hands a little dirty.
 

1. Try loading the site on a different device.
   • Try loading the website on your phone or on another computer. If the website loads on the other device, the problem lies with your computer.
   • If the website doesn't load on another device, the problem is either with the network
2. Restart your computer.
   • Oftentimes, a simple reboot will fix the problem you're having. Reboot your computer and test the website again.
3. Try loading the site in a different browser.
   • There may be some settings configured incorrectly on your browser. Try a different web browser to see if you can load the website.
4. Temporarily disable your antivirus program.
   • Your antivirus software may be interfering with your ability to load certain websites.
   • Try disabling the software and then loading the site again. Make sure you enable it again once you have identified the problem.
5. Reset  your modem and router.
   • Traffic to or from a certain website may be getting tripped up by your modem or router. Resetting these devices may allow you to access the website again.
6. Check your computer's date and time settings.
   • If your date or time is set incorrectly, you may not be able to connect to secure (https://) websites.
   • Check your computer or mobile device's clock to make sure that it is set to the correct time and date.

i. List of websites effected.
ii. Run the Speed Test via LAN (cable) and Wi-Fi connection - Please click here for Speed Test guideline.  
iii. Run the Traceroute Test - Please click here for Traceroute Test guideline.
iv. Run the Ping Test -  Please click here for Ping Test guideline.

Once you've gathered all the results, kindly send them all through the Feedback Form below.

Quick Info
A Speedtest is a service that provides free analysis of Internet access  parameters, such as connection data rate.
A Ping Test shows how long it takes for packets to reach host.    
A Traceroute Test traces the route of packets to destination host from our  server.

No, the Astro Fibre App is available for Astro Fibre customers with the RG21 router only.

You may switch to E-mail Billing or Paper bills to be notified of your bill and make payment. Kindly note that if you select to have Paper Bills, you will be charged a RM10 fee per bill.

STEP 1  

On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2  

Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3  

Navigate to STB Diagnostics and press "OK".

STEP 4    

Select Household Diagnostics and press "OK".

STEP 5    

Details information of Household Diagnostics screen will be  displayed.

STEP 1
Please wait while your Astro box initializes.



STEP 2
Select your preferred language.



STEP 3
Navigate to Next and press "OK".



STEP 4
Select Auto as the Video Resolution.



STEP 5
Navigate to Next and press "OK".



STEP 6
Navigate to Confirm and press "OK" to confirm your selection if you are able to read the texts on screen properly.
Otherwise, navigate to Cancel to revert to the previous settings.



STEP 7
Select IPTV Plug & Play (self-install) as the box operating mode.



STEP 8
Navigate to Next and press "OK".



STEP 9
Select your preferred connection.
For connection via Wi-Fi, proceed to STEP 10.
For connection via LAN Cable, proceed to STEP 16 once you are connected.



STEP 10
Please wait while your Astro box searches for available Wi-Fi networks.



STEP 11
Navigate to your preferred Wi-Fi network and press "OK".



STEP 12
Please enter the password to connect to the Wi-Fi network.



STEP 13
Navigate to Done to continue.



STEP 14
Please wait while your Astro box connects to the internet.



STEP 15
Navigate to Yes to allow your Astro box to connect to this network automatically.
Otherwise, navigate to No.
Proceed to STEP 17 for the next step.



STEP 16
Navigate to Next and press "OK". 



STEP 17
Your box's connection status will be displayed.
Navigate to Finish to complete the setup.

STEP 1

On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2

Navigate to SETTINGS.

STEP 3

Navigate to Audio Delay and press "OK".

STEP 4

Navigate to your preferred selection and press “OK”.

Any packages with Entertainment Plus, Movies Plus & Sports Plus will include Netflix. The default Netflix offering is Netflix Standard (2 screens and HD viewing) as part of your Entertainment Plus, Movies Plus and Sports Plus subscription. You can upgrade up to Netflix Premium (4 screens and 4K UHD viewing) at a price of RM 10 (inclusive of govt. tax).  

Note: For the above subscriptions, you may use the email address used for your existing subscription with Netflix to activate and the future billing for Netflix will be transferred to your Astro bundle charges. For users that are billed for Netflix through Apple before joining the Astro bundle, remember to cancel your Apple billing arrangement after activating the Astro bundle else you may be double charged for your Netflix account.

If you do not have a bundle which includes Netflix, you may also add a new Netflix subscription to your Astro Bill for billing convenience.

We are sorry you are thinking of leaving us.

If you wish to cancel your Astro subscription, kindly do take note of the information below if your account is still within contract period,

• Termination Request must be completed by the account holder.
• You need to settle the outstanding balance and penalty (if any).
• All Termination Request require a 30-day notice period.

STEP 1

On your remote, press the HOME button and the home menu will be displayed on top of your screen.

STEP 2

Navigate to Settings.

STEP 3

Navigate to TV Settings and press “OK”.

STEP 4

Navigate to your preferred selection and press “OK”.

STEP 5

Navigate to Save and press "OK" to confirm your selection.

Please upgrade the Ultra/Ulti Box software to enjoy Netflix on your Ultra/Ulti Box. To do this, please click on the Netflix app icon on the homepage or go to CH741 to prompt the software upgrade. Kindly click Install when the software upgrade prompt appears. This will take approximately 20 minutes and you would be able to launch Netflix on the Ultra/Ulti Box after that.

You will be able to access Netflix on your Ultra and Ulti Box. However, kindly note that if you have an Ulti Box with a Netflix Premium subscription, you will not be able to watch content in 4K UHD and Netflix Spatial Audio.

Connect your PVR to Wi-Fi and enjoy access to our library of Video On Demand. Replay old seasons, catch-up latest episodes of your favourite shows, anytime you want. To connect your PVR, follow the steps below depending on your box type:

(a) Wi-Fi Enabled PVR (DMT5)

·      Press the “Home” button and select “Settings” > “Network” > “Wi-Fi”

·      Allow the PVR to scan Wi-Fi networks available and subsequently choose your home Wi-Fi network > Enter your Wi-Fi password if required

·      Once connected, the icon below will appear on the screen.

‍
      Tip: Use the alpha-numeric keyboard on your Astro Remote to key in your password

·      Press the “Home” button and select “On Demand” to start watching videos on demand!

‍

(b) Non-Wi-Fi Enabled PVR (HD PVR)

There are two ways to connect your HD PVR decoder to your home Wi-Fi
(i) Using the Ethernet (LAN) cable 
 

·       Plug in the LAN cable from your modem into the PVR network port

·       Once connected, the icon below will appear on the screen

·       Press the “Home” button and select “On Demand” to start watching videos on demand!

(ii) Using an Astro Wi-Fi dongle as per shown below

Step 1 - Plugin the Wi-Fi dongle into the front USB part of your PVR decoder.

Step 2 - A prompt will appear stating "Do you wish to connect to a wireless network?", select "Yes, continue."

Step 3 - Once connected, the Wi-Fi icon will appear on the screen. Now you are ready to download and enjoy Astro's on demand entertainment.

Step 4 - Press the “Home” button and select “On Demand” to start watching videos on demand!

*The Wi-Fi dongle is only applicable for the non-Wi-Fi enabled PVR (as per the picture).

You may proceed with below troubleshooting and it shouldn't take you any longer than 15 minutes.

1. Please standby computer/laptop to access to the internet and connection must be via LAN (cable) [Connect the LAN (cable) to the yellow port at ZTE Router and direct to computer/laptop].
2. You may open any web browser such as Google Chrome, Internet Explorer, Mozilla Firefox and etc.
3. On the address bar, please go to http://192.168.0.1 and below page will appear.

4. Type the Username and Password as below. Then click Login. (These are the defaults, if you have done previous configuration on your router the password may be different)
 

Username: admin
Password: admin (or time123)

 

5. The router's web-based setup page should now appear. Please follow below steps for the configuration.

• On the setup page, click the Network tab then click on the WLAN then choose Basic sub-tab

• Please ensure Wireless RF Mode is Enabled.

• Click the drop-down arrow for Channel, then select your desired channel.
• Choose between 1 until 11 (Suggested 1,6,11).

• Click Submit. Router will auto reboot and connection re-establish after few minutes.

For customers with Entertainment Plus, Movies Plus, Sports Plus, Premium 2, Premium 3, and Platinum Pack 

1. Launch Netflix from the home screen or via remote control. 

2. Click on Get Started

3. If you are an existing Netflix customer, please fill in the email address and password associated with your Netflix account. Once successfully completed, all existing settings and watching history on your Netflix account will be brought over. If you are a new Netflix customer, create a new account by filling in your email address and a password for your new Netflix account. 

4. In the next screen, you will be shown your default Netflix package “Standard”, you can choose to upgrade to “Premium” here. 

5. The final screen provides a summary of your account including your email. Click Start Watching to enjoy Netflix on your Ultra/Ulti Box. 

‍

For Non-Entertainment Plus, Premium 2, Premium 3, and Platinum Pack Pack customers (New Netflix customers) 

1. Launch Netflix from the home screen or via remote control.

2. Click on Join Now

3. Create a new account by filling in your email address and a password for your new Netflix account. 

4. The final screen provides a summary of your account including your email. Click Start Watching to enjoy Netflix on your Ultra/Ulti Box. 

Note: The Netflix plan will be defaulted to Premium, you may select ‘Change Plan’ to choose the ‘Standard’ plan. 

‍

For Non-Entertainment Plus Pack, Premium 2, Premium 3, and Platinum Pack customers (Existing Netflix customers) 

1. Launch Netflix from the home screen or via remote control 

2. Click on Sign-in 

3. If you are an existing Netflix customer, please fill in the email address and password associated with your Netflix account. 

4. You will be able to start watching Netflix on your Ultra/Ulti Box once you log in.

Your documents will be handled in compliance with standards set by PDPA (Personal Data Protection Act 2010) and will not be used for other means without your specific consent.

Mesh WiFi devices are available as an add-on subscription from RM10/month across all Astro Fibre speeds. You may subscribe to a maximum of 5 units of Mesh WiFi per Astro Fibre subscription. 

You can contact Astro's Contact Centre (03 - 9543 1543) to subscribe to the Mesh WiFi.

If you have NOT made any changes to your Astro pack on or after 9th November 2021, you can enjoy up to four (4) concurrent streams on Astro GO anywhere, anytime. However, if you have Astro GO+ as part of your subscription, you will be upgraded to four (4) concurrent streams.

If you have a random Astro power cable, remote control or old box lying around at home, you are required to discard them only at registered collection centres for proper handling and management of e-waste in an environmentally sound manner. Click here to find a registered collection centre near you.

For all recycling-related questions, please click here.

Customers subscribing to the following Astro packs will get to automatically enjoy Disney+ Hotstar as part of their newer, bigger and better packs

• Movies Pack
• Movies Plus Pack
• Premium 1
• Premium 3
• Platinum Pack

Customers with any of the above subscriptions with an Ultra or Ulti Box will also be able to enjoy Disney+ Hotstar on their big screen TV via their Astro Box, in addition to disneyplushotstar.my  and the mobile app. Please click here on how to access Disney+ Hotstar on the Ultra/Ulti Box.

 

Astro customers who are not on the above Packs may upgrade to the Movies, Movies Plus, Premium 1, Premium 3 or Platinum Pack to receive access to Disney+ Hotstar at no additional cost. Alternatively, customers may visit www.astro.com.my/disney to subscribe to Disney+ Hotstar Premium through a 3-month plan via Astro at RM54.90 (NP: RM79.90 quarterly, Astro customer may see up to 30% savings in their Disney+ Hotstar Premium subscription)

 

For more information, please visit www.astro.com.my/disney. If you need further help, please WhatsApp “DH Help” to Astro or call them at 03-9543 3838 for assistance.